by Alejandro Ochoa G.
Copyright © 2014 by
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This is a draft ...under construction ... not finished yet....
Mexico is beautiful... the bad news is that there are plenty of Mexicans here (there, if you are reading this abroad).
The Mexican is always far away from the world and others. Far away from himself/herself, too.
Octavio Paz (1914-1998, the most prestigious and controversial Mexican poet of the twentieth century. He received the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1990.
Mexicans do not go looking for those who harmed them, but seek who is going to pay for it.
Mexican society is very perverted, and its rulers are simply a reflection of that situation.
—
—
In Mexico, there are at least two controversies about which name the United Mexican States should have
The first one has to do with the partial copying of the name of our Northern neighbor, the United States of America.
Some have proposed that the official name of this Hispanic American or Ibero-American or -Latin American country should be República Federativa de México or República Federal of México (Federative Republic of Mexico, or Federal Republic of Mexico).
Some have proposed that the official name of this Hispanic American or Ibero-American or -Latin American country should be República Federativa de México or República Federal of México (Federative Republic of Mexico, or Federal Republic of Mexico).
The second controversy is about the supposed spurious origin of the name Mexico —its meaning in aztec or nahuatl or nahua or mexica language is "in the navel of the Moon" (from Metztli [Moon], xictli [navel], and co [place]).
Certain Mexican amerindians say the name of the country should be Anáhuac,
... unfinished yet.. under construction ...
Oral hygiene was practiced among ancient Mexicans, which can be regarded as a sign of culture and refinement.
The Códice Badiano (Badian Codex) recommends to Mexican amerindians (we may suppose they were Aztecs) that their "teeth should be rubbed with white ash, mixed with white honey, using a small cloth, thereby an elegant cleaning and a real gloss are achieved."
Franciscan friar Bernardino de Sahagún (1499-1590), in his book titled Historia de las Cosas de la Nueva España (A History of the Things of New Spain), mentions the uses of elements that served as effective toothpastes, such as ground vegetal carbon. And he says that some Mexican indians used the root of a plant called Tlatlauhcapatli as toothbrush.
If Spanish women used to wear mantillas (light scarves worn over the head and shoulders) since the days of yore, rural Mexican women wear rebozos (long scarves), since the 16th century. Some Mexican amerindian women still use their rebozos to carry their younger child in their back.
In some cities and many towns, porters (bearers) do not use steel handcarts, but mecapales —from the Aztec or Nahua word "mecapalli": a wide strip that is used to load something at the back of the human back (by putting part of the strip in the forehead). Thus the charge over cervical vertebrae is big.
—
The regalist theses of the Tenth Count of Aranda, Pedro Pablo Abarca de Bolea y Jiménez de Urrea (1718-1798), captain general of Castile the New and president of the Council of Castile (1766-1773) influenced the Spanish King Charles III, who ordered the expulsion of the Jesuits from all of the Spanish colonies in 1767.
—
Oral hygiene was practiced among ancient Mexicans, which can be regarded as a sign of culture and refinement.
The Códice Badiano (Badian Codex) recommends to Mexican amerindians (we may suppose they were Aztecs) that their "teeth should be rubbed with white ash, mixed with white honey, using a small cloth, thereby an elegant cleaning and a real gloss are achieved."
Franciscan friar Bernardino de Sahagún (1499-1590), in his book titled Historia de las Cosas de la Nueva España (A History of the Things of New Spain), mentions the uses of elements that served as effective toothpastes, such as ground vegetal carbon. And he says that some Mexican indians used the root of a plant called Tlatlauhcapatli as toothbrush.
If Spanish women used to wear mantillas (light scarves worn over the head and shoulders) since the days of yore, rural Mexican women wear rebozos (long scarves), since the 16th century. Some Mexican amerindian women still use their rebozos to carry their younger child in their back.
In some cities and many towns, porters (bearers) do not use steel handcarts, but mecapales —from the Aztec or Nahua word "mecapalli": a wide strip that is used to load something at the back of the human back (by putting part of the strip in the forehead). Thus the charge over cervical vertebrae is big.
—
—
If the anglosphere has the English philosopher John Locke (1632-1704) as a postulator of individual liberties and proposer of such ideas and principles such as that sovereignty emanates from the people; that the property, life, liberty and the right to happiness are natural rights of men, prior to formation of the society... and Locke influenced/inspired the writings of James Madison, Alexander Hamilton, Thomas Jefferson, and other Founding Fathers of the United States of America, the hispanosphere has the Spanish Jesuit priest, philosopher and theologian Franciso Suárez (1548-1617). Suarez argued that human beings have a natural social character granted by God, and this includes the ability to make laws. But when a political society is formed, State authority is not divine but human, so its nature is elected by the people involved, and their natural legislative power is given to the ruler. Because they give this power, have the right to take it back, to rebellion against a ruler, but only if the ruler behaves badly with them, and they are required to act with moderation and justice. In particular, people should refrain from killing the ruler, no matter how tyrannical he/she may be. If a government imposes itself over the people, on the other hand, the people not only have the right to defend themselves and rise up against him/her (the ruler), but also have the right to kill the tyrant.
Constitution of Cádiz (1812)
Jalisco, the cradle of Mexican federalism, was stripped of Colima —now, one of the 31 Mexican States— in 1823. Also, on Tuesday, 1 of May, 1917, the Jaliscan territory of the Seventh Canton of Tepic was turned into the nowadays State of Nayarit.
In the 19th century, disputes between Scottish Freemasons* (backed by Great Lodges of Great Britain) and York Freemasons** (backed by Great Lodges of the United States of America), in their efforts to control Mexican politics, weakened Mexico.
*Like general and politician Nicolas Bravo (1786-1854).
**Like general and politician Vicente Guerrero (1783-1831).
como en el siglo XIX no había partidos políticos en México, los bandos masones hicieron las veces de partidos según jesús reyes heroles
because in the 19th century there had no political parties in México, the groups ?? bands ññ of freemasons functioned as parties, said deceased ideologist and politician Jesús Reyes-Heroles
In Mexico there are no nobility titles..., as a consequence of the tremendous specific weight that the freemasonry has had in the Mexican politics, and in order to prevent Mexican citizens pledge allegiance to European crowned heads. This was concocted by almost copying the Eighth paragraph of Section 9 of Article One of the United States Constitution: "No Title of Nobility shall be granted by the United States: And no Person holding any Office of Profit or Trust under them, shall, without the Consent of the Congress, accept of any present, Emolument, Office, or Title, of any kind whatever, from any King, Prince, or foreign State."
The Article 12 of the United Mexican Constitution reads:
ARTICLE 12. In the United Mexican States no titles of nobility shall be granted, nor hereditary honors and privileges, neither it shall took effect those awarded by any other country.
ARTÍCULO 12. En los Estados Unidos Mexicanos no se concederán títulos de nobleza, ni prerrogativas y honores hereditarios, ni se dará efecto alguno a los otorgados por cualquier otro país.
Also, the Article 37, Section A, paragraph II of the United Mexican States Constitution reads:
ARTICLE 37.
A. Mexican nationality is lost:
[...].
II. By accepting or using titles of nobility which imply submission to a foreign state;
ARTÍCULO 37.
A. La nacionalidad mexicana se pierde:
[...].
II. Por aceptar o usar títulos nobiliarios que impliquen sumisión a un Estado extranjero;
So, in Mexico there are no nobility titles..., but identification cards, especially those issued by political organizations and parties, Government agencies and dependencies, labor unions, and even clubs, are good "substitutes".
Sometimes, when an individual needs a recommendation from a powerful or prominent (or a not so powerful) politician, it will suffice the last one give the former a business card with his/her name and office/charge, so the unemployed individual can show it to his/her future employer or another government officer.
A powerful variant of the ID cards is constituted by metallic ID cards.
The phrase "dar charolazo" means to show a metallic ID card (popularly known as charola = tray) as a proof that the bearer is an influential individual; a member of a government agency, a son/daughter, nephew/niece, protégé, et cetera of a high government officer. For example, when an "influential" individual parks his/her car in prohibited places, when he/she wants a table at a restaurant, such table must be disoccupied, left free of patrons, he/she shows his/her metallic ID card (él/ella da charolazo).
Some articles of the United Mexican States' Constitution have been copied from several articles of the U.S. Constitution. ... "read a book, política rampanteñ ññññ under construction...
—
Also, the Article 37, Section A, paragraph II of the United Mexican States Constitution reads:
ARTICLE 37.
A. Mexican nationality is lost:
[...].
II. By accepting or using titles of nobility which imply submission to a foreign state;
ARTÍCULO 37.
A. La nacionalidad mexicana se pierde:
[...].
II. Por aceptar o usar títulos nobiliarios que impliquen sumisión a un Estado extranjero;
So, in Mexico there are no nobility titles..., but identification cards, especially those issued by political organizations and parties, Government agencies and dependencies, labor unions, and even clubs, are good "substitutes".
Sometimes, when an individual needs a recommendation from a powerful or prominent (or a not so powerful) politician, it will suffice the last one give the former a business card with his/her name and office/charge, so the unemployed individual can show it to his/her future employer or another government officer.
A powerful variant of the ID cards is constituted by metallic ID cards.
The phrase "dar charolazo" means to show a metallic ID card (popularly known as charola = tray) as a proof that the bearer is an influential individual; a member of a government agency, a son/daughter, nephew/niece, protégé, et cetera of a high government officer. For example, when an "influential" individual parks his/her car in prohibited places, when he/she wants a table at a restaurant, such table must be disoccupied, left free of patrons, he/she shows his/her metallic ID card (él/ella da charolazo).
Some articles of the United Mexican States' Constitution have been copied from several articles of the U.S. Constitution. ... "read a book, política rampanteñ ññññ under construction...
—
Between 1855 and 1862, there were issued some 17 laws and decrees, known as the Reform Laws.
Some of these ones were:
A Decree that abolished the Society of Jesus —Jesuits, founded by Spanish priest Saint Ignatius of Loyola (1491-1556). This Decree was unveiled on June 5, 1856.
Lerdo Law or Law of Confiscation of Urban and Rural properties owned by Civil and Ecclesiastical Corporations: required the civil and ecclesiastical corporations to sell their houses and lands. It was created by politician Miguel Lerdo de Tejada (brother of Sebastian Lerdo de Tejada, both freemasons). It was issued on June 25, 1856.*
Lafragua Act, or the Civil Registry Law . By this Law the Civil Registry was established. It was issued on January 27, 1857. A good and logical Law.
This Law was named after Jose Maria Lafragua, a Mexican freemason politician and writer who belonged to the York Rite, a liberal man .
Iglesias Act, or Law on Parochial Rights and Perquisites: This law prohibited the charging of parish fees and perquisites, and tithe, to the poorer classes. It was promulgated on April 11, 1857 by José María Iglesias, a Mexican freemason politician.
Marriage Act: was issued in Veracruz on July 23, 1859, through this Law was established that the religious marriage had no official validity and this Law established marriage as a civil contract with the State, eliminating the forced intervention of priests and the collection thereof by the churches.
Melchor Ocampo, a freemason politician and scientist, wrote the so-called Epistle of Ocampo, but he never got married!, after he grew up, his nanny, Ana Maria Escobar, turned his lover. Ocampo had three daughters with her. He had another daughter with a woman whose name is not known.
Ocampo's Letter indicated that spouses should have mutual respect, loyalty, trust and tenderness, striving to provide what one expected from the other when gotten married. Prudence should characterize the relationship, avoiding insults and physical abuse and the dishonor that such acts would bring. No less substantive was preparing to care for and educate children, serving as an example of ethics, morality and behavior, so that the bonds of affection and mutual deference would foster "the happiness or misery of the children." Moreover, because the proper education of the offspring would necessarily lead to the formation of "good and fulfilled citizens."
*Mexico was so deeply in debt with France, Great Britain, and Spain, that the freemason friends of prominent political figure Benito Juarez expropriated monasteries, asylums, hospitals, orphanages, private schools, and cemeteries that were owned by the Roman Catholic Church.
Thus, a good work developed during centuries by the Roman Catholic Church in Mexico was largely diminished and prevented from being continued, through a series of signatures and seals on documents (Laws). By some of the enemies of the Church, the freemasons.
As for the financial situation of the Mexican Government, money was not enough neither for satisfying the public service nor to pay the salaries of bureaucrats, nor to pay interest on debts.
Most freemasons ignore that lodges and grand lodges are controlled by Jews, who after centuries of financial dominion, do not feel victorious, do not have mental peace, are restless and wandering throughout the world.
http://www.whale.to/b/jews_and_freemasonry.html
—
A passage from an old book:
"Mexico is the country of inequality. Nowhere else there is a more frightening [inequality] in the distribution of wealth, civilization, culture, soil, and population [...] The Mexican indians, considering the mass, may exhibit a great misery. Relegated to the less fertile land, indolent by nature, and even more as a result of their political situation, the natives only live from day to day." (In French, my translation, A.O.G.)
Humboldt, Alexander von; Bonpland, Aimé. Voyage aux régions équinoxiales du nouveau continent, fait en 1799, 1800, 1801, 1802, 1803 et 1804. Vol. I-XIII, Librairie Grecque-Latine-Allemande, Paris, 1816-1831.
Speaking of Von Humboldt, there is a misconception, a wrong idea, that it was him who nicknamed Mexico City as "the City of Palaces". Even some Mexican government officers still believe such mistakes widely repeated.
It was an English traveller, Charles Joseph Latrobe (1801-1875) who "re-baptized" the old Tenochtitlan, now called Mexico City. In the Letter V, page 84, of The Rambler in Mexico, a book published in New York in 1836, this traveller, also the first liutenant-governor of Victoria (now a State of Australia) says, speaking of the Spaniards: "... look at their works, the moles,
aqueducts, churches, roads —and the luxurious City of Palaces, which has risen from the
clay-builts ruins of Tenochtitlan...".
Someone has told that in Mexico City (la Ciudad de los Palacios) there is a plaque honoring the phrase supposedly coined by Von Humboldt.
—
juarez
secular state
expropriated some properties real estate that belonged to the Roman Catholic Church.
railways have not incremented much since the times of dictator porfirio diaz
The Scientists "Los Científicos" during dictatorship of general Porfirio Diaz (1876-1880, and 1884-1911).
The Mexican Revolution (November 20, 1910-about 1920).
Apparently this Mexican Civil War* was conceived by Francisco Ignacio Madero, the son of the fifth richest man in Mexico in his day (1911) and a landlord .but Prescott Bush, grandfather of U.S. 43rd. president, George Walker Bush had to do... =?=
Popular nicknames for the Revolution were la Revolufia, la Revolacha, la Bola (the Ball), and la Robolución (Robo = Theft. The "Theftlution")
U.S. ships docked in Mexican ports, year 1911... helped in the ousting of Mexican dictator, General Porfirio Díaz who was inclining the country toward France.
The Anglosphere was not going to let this tendendy follow its path?...
sacrifice of human... prisoners of war by Aztec priests. These priests were cannibals
sacrifice blood martyrdoom mesianic thinking of Madero, not shared by his Vice-President, José María Pino-Suárez.
some people have been burned alive in Southern Mexico. rabies, wrath *It is symptomatic that the official name is Mexican Revolution, and not Mexican Civil War, presuntly due to the victory of "progressive" forces —compare this name with that of the Spanish Civil War, 1936-1939, where Generalissimo Francisco Franco, a "fascist", or at least right-wing individual, won.
the 1918 spanish flu pandemic was responsible for the death of some 500,000 Mexicans.
Ambassadors Henry Lane Wilson and...
Dwight Morrow
The Institutional Revolutionary Party —Partido Revolucionario Institucional (PRI)— ruled the country of Mexico from its foundation on March, 4, 1929 up until November 30, 2012, under its three different and successive names:
(1) National Revolutionary Party, Partido Nacional Revolucionario (PNR), 03/04/1929-03/29/1938.
(2) Party of the Mexican Revolution, Partido de la Revolución Mexicana (PRM), 03/30/1938-01/17/1946).
(3) Institutional Revolutionary Party, Partido Revolucionario Institucional (PRI) 01/18-1946- )
Firstly, the party (1, PNR) was based on regional and State parties; during its second stage (2, PRM), was based on "sectors", which were four, namely: workers (labor unions); peasants; popular sector (formed by members of cooperatives, artisans, industrialists, merchants, professionals, street vendors, et cetera); and military. This last sector disappeared in 1940. Some of its former members —mainly military chiefs and veterans of the Mexican Revolution (1910-1920), and their followers— were incorporated to the popular sector, id est, National Confederation of Popular Organizations (Confederación Nacional de Organizaciones Populares), founded in the city of Guadalajara (capital city of the Western Mexico State of Jalisco, "metropolitan" cradle of tequila and mariachi music); on 02/28/1943. Other former members of the military sector founded the Authentic Party of the Mexican Revolution (Partido Auténtico de la Revolución Mexicana, PARM) in the year 1954, a fake opposition party, which produced only one or several city mayors in Nuevo Laredo, Tamaulipas (southerner neighbor of Laredo, Texas).
One of the slogans of the PRI is: The people is the strength of the party (El pueblo es la fuerza del partido).
... While the slogan of the right-wing PAN (National Action Party, Partido Acción Nacional) is: For an orderly and generous country (Por una patria ordenada y generosa).
—
Chinese started selling drugs in Mexico, in the 1930's
In Mexico, the petroleum expropriation of Friday, the 18th day of March, 1938 —exercised by Mexican President Lazaro Cardenas, is considered a patriotic victory, but a trick played by some United States oil companies was somewhat sophisticated.
Oil production in Mexican wells went very low as of 1933.
At the same time, American oil companies were faring bad... and after the expropriation they were overcompensated by Mexican Government.1
1. http://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Publication%20Files/10-108.pdf
The then-President of the United States of America, Franklin D. Roosevelt, not only approved the expropriation, but apparently also promoted it.
Why?
Because Roosevelt felt that the owners of oil companies in Mexico, would provide oil to the highest bidder during the forthcoming World War II, and the highest bidder was going to be Nazi Germany.
—
An American millionaire, businessman William O. Jenkins (Shelbyville, Tennessee, 1878- Puebla, State of Puebla, Mexico, 1963), made great wealth in Mexico and then helped that country. He even continued helping Mexico when he had already passed away, through a foundation he had established, and, maybe without wishing it, but he helped Mexico before his death thanks to the expropiation of the printing machinery Jenkins had acquired in order to establish a chain of newspapers during the sexennium of then-president Adolfo López Mateos (1958-1964). Those printing machines were used to print free books for Mexican schoolchildren. López Mateos founded the Comisión Nacional de los Libros de Texto Gratuitos (National Commission of Free Textbooks)
Jenkins was originally a mechanic who moved to Mexico in 1901, in order to work in a railroad company in Monterrey.
He served during the Mexican Revolution as a minor consular official at Puebla, Mexico. While serving as consul he was kidnapped by revolutionary forces and held for ransom. Once released he was arrested for allegedly arranging the kidnapping, but he was never convicted of such actions.
Started a hosiery plant, "La Carolina", in Puebla; was a landowner in the State of Puebla, acquired the sugarmill of Atencingo, in Cietla, Puebla; subsequently bought other sugarmills, with which he formed a large industrial unit, the Compañía Civil e Industrial de Atencingo; built many cinema theaters in the Mexican Republic.
In 1954, years after the death of his wife, he established the Mary Street Jenkins Foundation, with initial capital of 90 million (old) pesos, which in 1963 reached 500 million (old) pesos. Jenkins cooperated in the construction of sports centers, schools, markets, hospitals, public buildings, public institutions and charity foundations.
He was active by turns in hosiery, sugar, theaters, cinema theaters, and banking.
—
A ship made out of cement.
General Heriberto Jara, the first Mexican secretary of the Navy, from 01/01/1941 to 11/30/1946, commanded the building of a cement ship, and after a ceremony presided over by the then-president of Mexico, general Manuel Ávila Camacho, when she was about to be launched, off the port of Veracruz, she sank.
There are several photographs, being one of them, the following: http://www.panoramio.com/photo/23156289
And the geolocation: https://www.google.com.mx/maps/@19.174323,-96.093756,3a,75y,90t/data=!3m8!1e2!3m6!1s86696129!2e1!3e10!6s%2F%2Fstorage.googleapis.com%2Fstatic.panoramio.com%2Fphotos%2Fsmall%2F86696129.jpg!7i3264!8i2448?hl=en
Latitude: 19° 10' 27.24"
Longitude: -96° 5' 40.5"
Decimal:
Latitude: 19.17423
Longitude: -96.09458
—
In Mexico, it was in 1952 when the forgetful Congress of the Union withdrew the state of war against the Axis Powers (Germany, Italy, Japan)
—
Mexico is plenty of:
corruption
impunity
inequality
poverty
delinquency
violence
selfishness
wickedness
disenchantment
personal failures
soccerlatry
public schools without tap water, restrooms, auditoriums, et cetera
fiscal evasion
fiscal elusion
banknotes forgery
ignorance
laziness
—
There are many issues in Mexico.
Some of these are:
Chaos, entropy, disorder.
Mexican people seem to live comfortably in chaos.
The Greek god Chaos floats or flies pleasantly over the Horn of Plenty* (a nickname for Mexico).**
*Horn of plenty (in Latin: cornu copiae; in Spanish: cuerno de la abundancia).
**There is an old and popular Mexican joke about Mexico. It goes like this:
When God was creating the world, He endowed the territory that is now called Mexico, with great natural resources, two coasts, abundant sea water fisheries, fertile land, flora, fauna, fresh water, forests (id est, wood ), petroleum, natural gas, silver, gold, magnesium, copper, and so on.
Then an angel asked him: Lord, why have you given many natural resources to that country?; the allocation of resources to the nations seems unfair to me.
God replied: Wait a few seconds, I will put Mexicans there, too.
—So, this leads us in a very properly way to think and firmly believe that the quote of American economist Milton Friedman (1912-2006), "If you put the [U.S.] Federal Government in charge of the Sahara Desert, in five years there would be a shortage of sand," may as well be applied to the Mexican Government and, furthermore, to the Mexican people.
—
Inferiority complex of Mexicans.
Please, let us read a part of Chapter 1 of The Plumed Serpent (La Serpiente Emplumada), a novel written by English novelist David Herbert Lawrence (1885-1930), published in 1926:
The Plumed Serpent, by D. H. Lawrence
Chapter 1
Beginnings of a Bull-fight
It was the Sunday after Easter, and the last bull-fight of the season in Mexico City. Four special bulls had been brought over from Spain for the occasion, since Spanish bulls are more fiery than Mexican. Perhaps it is the altitude, perhaps just the spirit of the western Continent which is to blame for the lack of ‘pep’, as Owen put it, in the native animal.
Although Owen, who was a great socialist, disapproved of bull-fights, ‘We have never seen one. We shall have to go,’ he said.
‘Oh yes, I think we must see it,’ said Kate.
‘And it’s our last chance,’ said Owen.
Away he rushed to the place where they sold tickets, to book seats, and Kate went with him. As she came into the street, her heart sank. It was as if some little person inside her were sulking and resisting. Neither she nor Owen spoke much Spanish, there was a fluster at the ticket place, and an unpleasant individual came forward to talk American for them.
[...]
The show did not begin, and men like lost mongrels still prowled back and forth on the track that was next step down from Kate’s feet. They began to take advantage of the ledge on which rested the feet of our party, to squat there.
Down sat a heavy fellow, plumb between Owen’s knees.
‘I hope they won’t sit on MY feet,’ said Kate anxiously.
‘We won’t let them,’ said Villiers, with bird-like decision. ‘Why don’t you shove him off, Owen? Shove him off?’
And Villiers glared at the Mexican fellow ensconced between Owen’s legs. Owen flushed, and laughed uncomfortably. He was not good at shoving people off. The Mexican began to look round at the three angry white people.
And in another moment, another fat Mexican in a black suit and a little black hat was lowering himself into Villiers’ foot-space. But Villiers was too quick for him. He quickly brought his feet together under the man’s sinking posterior, so the individual subsided uncomfortably on to a pair of boots, and at the same time felt a hand shoving him quietly but determinedly on the shoulder.
‘No!’ Villiers was saying in good American. ‘This place is for my FEET! Get off! You get off!’
And he continued, quietly but very emphatically, to push the Mexican’s shoulder, to remove him.
The Mexican half raised himself, and looked round murderously at Villiers. Physical violence was being offered, and the only retort was death. But the young American’s face was so cold and abstract, only the eyes showing a primitive, bird-like fire, that the Mexican was nonplussed. And Kate’s eyes were blazing with Irish contempt.
The fellow struggled with his Mexican city-bred inferiority complex. He muttered an explanation in Spanish that he was only sitting there for a moment, till he could join his friends — waving a hand towards a lower tier. Villiers did not understand a word, but he reiterated:
‘I don’t care what it is. This place is for my FEET, and you don’t sit there.’
Oh, home of liberty! Oh, land of the free! Which of these two men was to win in the struggle for conflicting liberty? Was the fat fellow free to sit between Villiers’ feet, or was Villiers free to keep his foot-space?
There are all sorts of inferiority complex, and the city Mexican has a very strong sort, that makes him all the more aggressive, once it is roused. Therefore the intruder lowered his posterior with a heavy, sudden bounce on Villiers’ feet, and Villiers, out of very distaste, had had to extricate his feet from such a compression. The young man’s face went white at the nostrils, and his eyes took on that bright abstract look of pure democratic anger. He pushed the fat shoulders more decisively, repeating:
‘Go away! Go away! You’re not to SIT there.’
The Mexican, on his own ground, and heavy on his own base, let himself be shoved, oblivious.
‘Insolence!’ said Kate loudly. ‘Insolence!’
She glared at the fat back in the shoddily-fitting black coat, which looked as if a woman dressmaker had made it, with loathing. How could any man’s coat-collar look so homemade, so en famille!
Villiers remained with a fixed, abstract look on his thin face, rather like a death’s head. All his American will was summoned up, the bald eagle of the north bristling in every feather. The fellow SHOULD NOT sit there. — But how to remove him?
The young man sat tense with will to annihilate his beetle-like intruder, and Kate used all her Irish malice to help him.
‘Don’t you wonder who was his tailor?’ she asked, with a flicker in her voice.
Villiers looked at the femalish black coat of the Mexican, and made an arch grimace at Kate.
‘I should say he hadn’t one. Perhaps did it himself.’
‘Very likely!’ Kate laughed venomously.
It was too much. The man got up and betook himself, rather diminished, to another spot.
‘Triumph!’ said Kate. ‘Can’t you do the same, Owen?’
Owen laughed uncomfortably, glancing down at the man between his knees as he might glance at a dog with rabies, when it had its back to him.
‘Apparently not yet, unfortunately,’ he said, with some constraint, turning his nose away again from the Mexican, who was using him as a sort of chair-back.
[...]
—
Gini coefficient of Mexico: 0.472, 124th place among 160 countries listed (year 2010).
Norway: 0.226, 1st (2012);
Sweden: 0.248, 4th; (2010)
United States of America: 0.469, 123rd; (2010)
South Africa: 0.631, 157th (2009).
Many young individuals want to become famous singers or soccer players, and so, make a way to get out of poverty and, maybe, get rich soon.
In ancient Greece, athletes wanted only to be gloriously crowned with a laurel wreath, and watch that their respective names were carved on a stone stele. Now the word sports has lost its original meaning: athletes and sport players want money, besides fame.
Watching soccer matches, at stadiums or via television, has driven a lot of Mexicans into soccerlatry.
—
Sometimes, when you are driving in a two-lane highway in Mexico, be prepared when you are trying to pass a vehicle for the other guy to speed up!
In some cities it is not uncommon to see vehicles advancing when the red light in semaphores is on, and be quiet, stopped, when the green light is on!
In the uneven sidewalks and streets there are garbage, dog manure, fruits that have fallen from the street trees,
In some streets and sidewalks there are plenty of holes, bumps, pole pieces, screws, open sewers, sometimes there is no water, so fire departments cannot extinguish fires
Also, please do not be surprised if you happen to see empty supermarket plastic bags floating and flying as if they were UFO's over streets, avenues, and highways, anywhere in Mexico.
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Some time, perhaps in the 60's, it appeared in the Mexican political arena a phenomen called "el tapado" (the covered one). It made reference to the fact that the President of the Mexican Republic (or Mexico, or United Mexican States) chose* who was going to be the candidate of the PRI (Institutional Revolutionary Party) and as a consequence, his successor. The people, of course, did not know, up until one of the pre-candidates was unveiled ("destapado"). The party (PRI), known as "The Invincible" (El Invencible), "The Steamroller" (La Aplanadora) or "The Big Party" (El Partidazo) always won.
A president chose his candidate by a "method" called "dedazo" (handpick or pointing with the index finger). —Dedo = finger. "In the solitude of his office..."
In Mexico, the term in office for president of the country,* State governors,* and federal senators** (there are no State senators) is of six years (a sexennium), while city mayors,*** and federal**** and local (State) representatives ("diputados") last in office for three years (a triennium).
*Re-election not allowed.
**As of 11/29/2013, they can be re-elected once. After that, they can go to the Lower House.
***As of 11/29/2013, they can be re-elected once.
****As of 11/29/2013, they can be re-elected up to three times. After that, they can go to the Upper House.
Thousands of unionized workers and bureaucrats are transported in buses to the party (PRI) rallies during pre-election periods. The "payment" is not going to work on that day, and a cheap lunch and sodas.
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Between 1957 and 1970, Winston Scoot, a high CIA officer assigned to the U.S. Embassy in Mexico City, recruited a dozen of high Mexican officers, whose code names were Litempo-1, Litempo-2, et cetera. The Litempo program was started about 1959 as an additional channel for the exchange of political information which each government [U.S. and Mexico] wanted the other to receive, but not through official protocol exchanges.
Mexican former president Gustavo Díaz-Ordaz (1911-1979; his term in office: 1964-1970) was a Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) agent. His code name or cryptonym was Litempo-2. He served as secretary of the Interior, 1958-1963.
Fernando Gutiérrez-Barrios (1927-2000), an influential, prominent and controversial Mexican politician, was Litempo-4. He was affiliated to the Institutional Revolutionary Party (Partido Revolucionario Institucional, PRI). During a period of the 60's he was the head of the Dirección Federal de Seguridad, a murky Mexican agency, a secret police at the time of the dirty war against left-wingers, communist and socialist activists/politicians. Gutiérrez-Barrios also served as governor of Veracruz (1986-1988), and as secretary of the Interior (1988-1993, secretario de Gobernación) in the Cabinet of president Carlos Salinas de Gortari (1988-1994).
Mexican former president Luis Echeverría (1922- ; his term in office: 1970-1976) was a CIA agent. His code name was Litempo-8. He served as secretary of the Interior, 1964-1969.
Philip B. Agee (Tacoma, Florida, 1935-Havana, Cuba, 2008) was a CIA agent. In 1975, he published a book titled Inside the Company: CIA Diary, in which he recounted his experiences of eleven and a half years serving the U.S. espionage in Ecuador, Uruguay, Mexico, and Washington. He revealed that some Mexican politicians were CIA agents.
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The exchange rate of 12.50 Mexican pesos per one U.S. dollar (or eight U.S. cents per one peso) lasted a little more than 22 years, from the Holy Week of 1954 (April 11-17, 1954) up until September 1, 1976.
During the last days of August, 1976, the repeated insistence in the media, especially television, in the sense that there would be no devaluation of the peso, precipitated and accelerated such devaluation... because Mexicans already feared and distrusted the government of President Luis Echeverria (1970-1976). Echeverria and his secretaries lied.
It was a decision made, but the fear of the citizens and some circumstances worsened the situation.
On Tuesday, August 31, 1976 —three months before Echeverria left office—, Finance secretary Mario Ramon Beteta and director of the Bank of Mexico, Ernesto Fernandez-Hurtado, facing the television cameras reported that the Mexican Government abandoned its fixed exchange rate monetary policy and adopted the policy of floating currency up until the Mexican peso found its place in the foreign exchange market. In view that the then-President Luis Echeverria had strictly forbidden them to mention the word "devaluation", such word was not uttered. It was on Saturday, September 11, that the Bank of Mexico (the Central Bank: Banco de México) fixed the new exchange rate: one dollar cost 19.70 pesos if you bought dollars, and Mexican banks paid you 19.00 pesos per dollar if you sold dollars.
It was a devaluation of 57.6 percent, a big impact to the Mexican economy and entrepreneurs.
During the first years of his term in office, Echeverria had declared that he belonged to the "moderate left".
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During the final stage of the six-year term in office of Mexican President Jose Lopez Portillo (1976-1982), on August 5, 1982, the Mexican federal government foolishly established dual parities (dual exchange rates) for the Mexican peso and the U.S. dollar "as a temporary measure", id est, a preferential exchange rate of 0.02 dollars per 1 old peso (50 old pesos = 1 dollar), and a free exchange rate ranging from 0.012987 to 0.0119 dollars per 1 old peso (77-84 old pesos = 1 dollar).
On Wednesday, September 1, 1982 , during its sixth annual state of the nation address, President Lopez Portillo announced the nationalization of domestic private banks, to impose exchange controls because of the " looting" of money and sending dollars abroad "that Mexican citizens and bankers had done.".
Those were times of economic crisis and financial turmoil. Mexico could not pay its foreign debt.
On Saturday, September 4, 1982, the newly appointed Secretary of Finance, Carlos Tello-Macias, announced on national television that the dual exchange rate would be: 0.02 dollars per 1 old peso (50 old pesos = 1 dollar), and 0.0142857 dollars per 1 old peso (70 old pesos = 1 dollar).
http://www.noticiastransicion.mx/pdf-cr/la-psicosis-del-dolar.pdf
During the tenure in office of President Carlos Salinas de Gortari (1988-1994), the Mexican Federal Government copied a seemingly good pension system based on the model system and Chilean pension fund administrators (AFP, Administradoras de Fondos de Pensiones) created by Chilean economists, politicians and ministers during the General Augusto Pinochet government (1973-1990): José Piñera-Echenique and Hernán Büchi-Buc, and implemented in that South American country through the enactment of Decree Law 3500 of November 4, 1980. Now, the Mexican pension system is called Afore (Administradoras de Fondos para el Retiro, Fund Administrators for the Retirement), but its theoretical origins should be sought and found in the capital city of Chile, Santiago de Chile.
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In Mexico, another copy of Chilean origin (based on the Carabineros de Chile, Carabiniers of Chile), will be the National Gendarmerie, which will operate as the Seventh Division of the [Mexican] Federal Police from mid July 2014. This will be a traveling corporation, id est, they will go where natural phenomena —acts of God— or criminal events require their presence.
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to be continued...
ñññ
Salinas cried at Chalco, Estado de México. he saw some alumni seated over rocks stones writing in their notebooks...
Mexico is one of the biggest factories of poor people while boasting one of the richest men in the world, id est, billionaire Carlos Slim-Helu (1940- ) a Mexican widower of Lebanese descent. On December 19, 1990, Mexican Federal Government sold the State-owned monopoly Teléfonos de México (Telmex) for 8.8 billion dollars* to Grupo Carso (controlled by Slim) and its partners Southwestern Bell and France Telecom.
*By purchasing firstly a 20 percent equity stake in the company (1.76 billion dollars).
Before the selling, the Federal Government authorized the monopoly Telmex to rise brutally (625 percent) local-call tariffs. This was done so, in order to make Telmex financially attractive.
Please follow this link: http://studentorgs.law.smu.edu/getattachment/International-Law-Review-Association/Resources/LBRA-Archive/16-4/6-Manzetti.pdf.aspx and read, for example, the section: "IV. TELMEX PRIVATIZATION", page 786.
In page 786, you will be able to read: "For instance, charges for local calls rose from 16 pesos per minute to 116 pesos per minute."
MANZETTI, Luigi, "Are You Being Served? The Consequences of Telmex Monopolistic Privatizacion", in Law & Business Review of the Americas, Volume 16, Number 4, 2010, pp. 781-802, Department of Political Science, Dedman College of Humanities and Sciences, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, Texas, 2010.
There were several reasons behind then-President Carlos Salinas's decision to privatize Telmex. One, by privatizing giant State-owned monopoly, he would be sending a message to international investors that Mexico was serious about making its economy more competitive and free.
Telmex charges its few competitors high fees for interconnecting fixed lines.
In the search box of the Google Search Engine http://www.google.com please type the following:
Telmex was sold for $1.76 billion to Grupo Carso 1990
... and then you will be able to follow the first three or four links.
That way, and with that kind of support and patting from the Government, almost anyone could be a richer individual, or a successful entrepreneur.
Another link about Telmex privatization:
http://lnweb90.worldbank.org/oed/oeddoclib.nsf/DocUNIDViewForJavaSearch/02BA59E41714B982852567F5005D8A07
Slim is mockingly nicknamed in Spanish by low-class Mexicans as "el harbano" (el ar-vah-noh) a supposedly Arab uttering of "el hermano" [el er-mah-noh] (the brother), perhaps as a vindictive mockery because the miser "Phoenician" Slim even applies tariffs that count additional seconds of a cell phone call as entire minutes! Avarice is the name of the game... and there is also financial punishment for his "loyal" captive clients.
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Most Mexicans are accustomed to not accept a defeat, be it in sports, science, the classroom, elections, Legislative Houses, et cetera.
For example, when some politicians belonging to a political party, a group of parties, a fraction of a party, a group of fractions of several parties... have been defeated during the discussion and voting of a bill in a Legislative House, they say such action is a "mayoriteo", an "invented" Spanish word that maybe could be translated into English as "majoritying" [some kind of "abuse of the majority"]; that is, the defeated ones —representatives or senators— do not accept democracy inside their House.
This is true, especially in the case of Mexican leftist parties.
On the other hand, when Chilean dictator General Augusto Pinochet (in office from 08/23/1973 to 03/11/1990) lost the 10/05/1988 plebiscite by 55.99 percent of nays* and 44.01 of yeas in which 7 435 913 Chileans voted, he accepted his defeat at 00:18 local time, Santiago de Chile, of the following day, Thursday October 6, 1988.
*Meaning Pinochet would not remain in office until 1997, but he would have to leave his post on March 11, 1990.
Similarly, when the leftist President of Nicaragua, Daniel Ortega-Saavedra (in office from 07/19/1979 to 01/10/1985, and again from 01/10/2007-...) lost against Violeta Barrios de Chamorro in the general elections held on February 25,1990, to elect a president and Parliament, by 777,552 votes (54.74 percent of the valid votes) going to Chamorro, and 642,992 (or 45.26 percent) in favor of Ortega, the very day of the elections this one admitted his defeat and congratulated the winner, widow of assassinated journalist, writer, businessman and politician Pedro Joaquín Chamorro, murdered in Managua by the National Guard of the then-President Anastasio "Tachito" Somoza-Debayle, on January 10, 1978.
Some Mexicans, such as Andrés López (1953- ), a leftist presidential candidate who has lost two presidential elections, on Sunday, July 2, 2006, and on Sunday, July 1, 2012, do not admit their defeats.
Conversely, others Mexicans do admit their defeats, like the thrice-defeated leftist presidential candidate, Civil Engineer Cuauhtémoc Cárdenas-Solórzano (1934- ), who lost on Sunday, July 3, 1988; Sunday, July 3, 1994, and Sunday, July 2, 2000, a son of the "Sphynx of Jiquilpan" —la "Esfinge de Jiquilpan", one of the nicknames of 1934-1940 Mexican President Lázaro Cárdenas del Río (Jiquilpan, State of Michoacán, 05/21/1895-Mexico City, 10/19/1970), a prominent franc-mason.
Besides, a confirmation of the caudillism of the Mexican left, is the fact that during five presidential elections, or during a 24-year period (1988-2012) that left has had only two candidates: Cuauhtémoc Cárdenas, and Andrés López.
The last one is considered by many a loser, a "danger for Mexico", a messianic individual, the "high priest" of the Mexican left, and a ding-a-ling who spent thirteen years at the National Autonomous University of Mexico in order to get his degree of Political Science and Public Administration.
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In Mexico, approximately 52 percent of the population suffer multi-dimensional poverty. They have little money to buy goods, little food. Many eat one time a day, have no health services, no social security, no pension plans, work in the informal sector of the economy, peddlers, in street markets, scavengers...
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By 1986, Mexican journalist José Luis Cárabes wrote in his political column El Humor de Lord Áspid (The Humor of Lord Asp), published in the Guadalajaran morning newspaper El Occidental (The Westerner) —apparently, Cárabes quoted a politician or an academic researcher— that if people ate paper, the hunger and Mexico have been eradicated, because authorities and even businesses require people to submit/deliver documents and printed forms up to fivefold (an original writing or form, and four copies of it) in order to authorize transactions and apply red tape, and even today, in the second decade of the 21st century, the world is far from the "paperless office" foreshadowed by American futurologist Alvin Toffler (New York, 1928 -).
http://www.robertfulford.com/2003-05-31-paperless.html
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paperless_office
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In Mexico there are toll "highways" having sections with only two lanes. An old rule of thumb and common sense tell us that all of the toll highways must should have at least four lanes in all of its length. The wimpy-pimpy or accomplice Mexican federal government, through its Secretariat of Communications and Transportation has apparently consented and spoiled greedy and abusive entrepreneurs who build two-lane "highways" and then overcharge drivers.
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Many Mexican young men dream about becoming professional soccer players or singers/musicians of low-quality trashy songs —a few chords and repetitive and foolish lyrics
— in order to get out of their poverty situation, to be rich and famous; others will turn into hitmen or small drug dealers to serve drug barons, while many Mexican young women will strive to become models, singers, or soap opera actresses.
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2013 Mexican lawmakers put an end to tax consolidation, an end to value-added tax differential/differentiation in borders, and an end to the non-taxation of stock exchange transactions in the Mexican Stock Exchange (Bolsa Mexicana de Valores)
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jenkins
Foster Dulles
kennedy mass at the basilic of our lady of guadalupe mexico city
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In Mexico, the elimination of public and free education —and its replacement by private schools, in a scheme in which education would be completely subsidized by the State and thus parents would select in which schools they wish their children studied; then, the federal government would pay for registration, tuition, uniforms, books, supplies, meals and snacks on facilities, transportation (school busing), school insurance, et cetera, to private educational institutions—, could be a solution to the creation and sprawl and even monstrous growth of unions so big like the ominous National Union of Education Workers (SNTE, Sindicato Nacional de Trabajadores de la Educación), whose leaders have historically enjoyed enormous power (a former Secretary General of the SNTE, teacher Elba Esther Gordillo, is in jail since February, 27, 2013, accused by the Attorney General's Office [PGR, Procuraduría General de la República] of operating with illegal proceeds, organized crime, tax evasion), or like the worse, greedy, evil, rapacious, loafer, leftist, ignorant, harmful, lazy, "budgetvorous", dire, disgusting "National" Coordinator of Education Workers (CNTE, Coordinadora "Nacional" de Trabajadores de la Educación).
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Mexican state and federal representatives and senators (in México there are no state senators) are ignorant about Spanish grammar: In many articles and paragraphs of State and Federal Laws the word "electo" (an adjective meaning "elect") reads, when "elegido" (a past participle meaning "elected") should have been printed.
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At some point, perhaps in the 1980s, the Mexican federal government dropped the Apprentice Program, which favored young people to learn by doing in workshops and factories, and gave incentives to entrepreneurs.
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Fourteen Mexican universities appear (places 5, 7, 16, 19, 21, 30, 32, 50, 51, 58, 61, 88, 90, and 95), among the one hundred listed in the 2012 University Rankings of Latin American, by Quacquarelly Symonds, www.qs.com while only one appears (place 163) among the five hundred listed in the 2013 Academic Ranking of World Universities,
http://www.shanghairanking.com/ARWU2013.html and none among the four hundred listed in The World University Rankings 2013-2014 by http://www.timeshighereducation.co.uk/world-university-rankings/2013-14/world-ranking/range
The above shows that in Mexico superior education is at a low level, and Mexican universities are faring bad.
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In Mexico, even journalists are ignorant. Sometimes, they are called "quadrupeds-bipeds" by some or their colleagues (but generally, not before them). A few examples of people who have master or doctor degrees:
(A) Katia D'Artigues (Mexico City, 1972) a column writer informed us about Humphrey, a cat which lived at 10 Downing Street, London, and ran out of its seven lives. She ignores that in the Anglosphere, cats have nine lives,* unlike what happens in Latin American countries and Spain, where they have seven lives.
In the sixteenth paragraph of (in Spanish):
http://www.eluniversal.com.mx/columnas/56536.html
Also, in the twentieth paragraph, she wrote "John Mayor", meaning "John Major".
*
(B) Another illiterate journalist is Rosa Juarez-Mendias, former editor at a Guadalajara daily newspaper called Siglo 21 (21st Century) —now defunct— who certain day of the decade of the 1990s, headlined an astronomy news story as "10, la luna perfecta" ("10, the perfect moon") after having misreading the faxed cable about "Io" as "10" [ten], when the news agency was referring to Io, a satellite of Jupiter, named after Io, the priestess of Hera and one of the many lovers of Zeus.
(C) Denise Maerker, a radio host and anchorwoman, does not know how to conjugate the Spanish auxiliary verb "haber" (to have). She says for example, "han habido cuatro casos de...", when the right form is "ha habido cuatro casos de..." (there have been four cases of...).
(D) Rogelio Barraza (1933-2009), a Sonoran journalist, wrote about a "bi-monopolio" (bi-monopoly). Perhaps he never knew that the word "duopolio" (duopoly) exists.
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Chief executive officer of the Fondo de Cultura Económica (Fund of Economic Culture), Arnaldo Orfila-Reynal was fired in 1967 because he published The Children of Sanchez, an anthropological study by American anthropologist and scholar Oscar Lewis (1914-1970)...
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During his tenure (triennium 1983-1985) as mayor of Guadalajara, State of Jalisco, the attorney at law Guillermo Vallarta-Plata, of the Institutional Revolutionary Party, Partido Revolucionario Institucional (PRI) ordered the installation of public wastebaskets in downtown sidewalks of Guadalajara, in order to pedestrian passerbies could put their garbage there, but lazy and irresponsible inhabitants of the city downtown started to use it for putting their household garbage. Soon, the wastebaskets were removed.
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Do not be surprised if you see small, medium, or big, empty plastic bags floating and flying over avenues and highways in Mexico.
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It is very difficult time consuming and cumbersome to launch a defaulting tenant, bad payer,
therefore, foreigners do not invest in real estate to build houses for rent in Mexico
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If Turkey is the sick man of Europe, Michoacan is the sick State of Mexico, or one of the cancers of Mexico (other cancer is a Southern state called Oaxaca). Located in the Southwest area of Mexico there is a State called Michoacán (in the Aztec or Mexica or Meshica or Nahua language, the word "Mechhuacan" means "the place of the owners of fish" or "the place of those who have fishes", because in lakes of the territory of the nowaday State of Michoacán there were plenty of fishes, before Spanish conquerors arrived to Mexico (14th and 15th centuries).
The territory now called Michoacan –its capital city is Morelia, called Valladolid up until 1828 (after the Spain city of the same name). "Morelia" derives from the family name of Jose Maria Morelos (1765-1815) an insurgent independentist leader who fought against the Spanish colonialists, when Mexico was the Viceroyalty of New Spain.
Tarascos never were completely conquered by the powerful Aztec Empire, which could only impose some tributes.
Many tarascan women were given to Spanish conquerors, others were usually raped by Spaniards.
The tarascos (in English, Tarascans) of nowadays do not like to be called "tarascos" by mestizo or white people. Usually a tarasco gets angry when someone call him "tarasco" (because that "could" mean one has sexual intercourse with his sister[s] or daughter[s]). Tarascos or tarascan people refer to themselves as purhépechas or purépechas (purhé or puré means "people" or "person", "individual"). It seems that purhépecha was the original name of this tribe. In the word "purhépecha" the h is silent (approximately, pour-eh-peh-chahs). And, to name an actual brother-in-law they call him "taratzin" (little brother-in-law).
Michoacanos, or people from Michoacan —Michoacans—, are stereotyped as dirty, poor, sly, cagey, very dark-skinned (in Spanish, "prietos"), ugly,* lazy and above all, opportunistic.
The territory of Michoacan was inhabited by a tribe called tarascos.
*As per the "standard" European beauty canons. —Rich in beauty and aesthetics are the people whose face and/or body somehow resembles/approximates the definitions we have been received from artists such as Il Pinturicchio (Bernardino di Betto, 1454-1513), Raphael Sanzio (1483-1520), Albrecht Dürer (1471-1528), Diego Velázquez (1599-1660), portraits of girls and women, but not of men, by Rembrandt (1606-1669), Camille Corot (1796-1875), and John William Waterhouse (1849 -1917).
Some individuals natives and/or residents of the Mexican State of Michoacan (the land of Tarascan people) say boastfully, about tarascos* that those ones were never defeated. It is true that they were never defeated... by Mexicas or Meshicas or Aztecs or Nahuas (four different names for a single people). These conflicting, unruly, ugly, dark-skinned, and self-conscious Indians (Tarascans or Purhépecha ) were unbeaten in their territories in the State of Michoacán, but outside its boundaries were defeated by the allied armies of the king or lord (hueytlatoani) Colimán or Colimotl (from the nowadays State of Colima) and Cihualpilli, the queen of Tonalá (Jalisco), precisely during the Saltpeter Wars (Guerras del Salitre), close to Zacoalco, State of Jalisco. Some historians set the date in 1480; others, in 1510.
* It is still debated the meaning and origin of the word Tarasco (or tarascue, which is the original term in purhépecha or tarascan language) . Apparently it means indistinctly something like "an in-law who does not belong to the generation of the individual who is talking" , id est, son-in-law, daughter in-law, father in-law, mother in law; however, some argue that "tarasco" also means brother in-law, and sister in-law. Purhépecha Indians called "tarascue" their Spanish sons in-law, as the former used to give their daughters as wives to the European conquerors. Another version states that the word comes from the Tarascan name of a god adored in Michoacán, called Taras, which in turn could be a partial corruption of the word tharés ("idol" in purhépecha), only to complicate more the etymology of the word tarasco.
In 1522, the Tarascan indians were defeated by the Spaniards under Cristóbal de Olid, who had superior weapons, "gunpowder and fire."
In early 1530, bloodthirsty spanish captain Nuño Beltrán de Guzmán commanded his subordinates to kill the king of the purhépechas, Tangaxoan II.
Due to their ancestral complex, poverty, ignorance, ugliness from the subjective point of view of inhabitants of other Mexican states, and other ills, even today, in the second decade of the 21st century, in a general sense, people emigrant from Michoacan causes problems wherever they go, are a kind of unredeemed undesirable ones. Some of them are accustomed to shoot each other, and to shoot non-Michoacans too, id est, original inhabitants of the states where they (Michoacans) migrate to (for example, Jalisco, Sonora...), reluctantly work (unlike people coming from Colima and Guanajuato, for example), men tend to consume liquor as Cossacks, are troublemakers, and apparently the darker their skin (bronze or brown), the worse they are. Are belittled and treated contemptuously by citizens of other states of the Mexican Republic, precisely those states they have migrated to. They are something like the blacks in the United States of America: "no one" wants them; they are some kind of undesirable ones.
As a rule of thumb, Michoacanos, be them 100 percent Tarascan (Purhépechas), or mestizos, carry over their backs a heavy load: a double inferiority complex, they were despised and looked down upon by the Aztecs before the Conquest by Hernando Cortés and his troops, and right now, by the mestizos and the white population. There is high, heavy, big discrimination against Michoacanos. The darker their skin, and the poorer they are, the more discriminination they suffer.
Some Michoacan boys and many adults carry fire weapons, ready to shoot.
Michoacanas and michoacanos have been stereotyped as crappy people, comparable to Oaxacans, and out of Mexico: Hondurans, Salvadorans, Nicaraguans and Guatemalans.
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Exports and racism.
The Northwestern Mexican state of Sonora is strongly linked by economic interests to its neighbor, Arizona, which buys from Sonorans, pork, charcoal, shrimp and other products.
And, if the 48th State does not observe Daylight Saving Time, Sonora does the same. Sonorans follow the dictates of Phoenix.
In a certain way, Sonorans detest natives of Southern Mexico, known as "guachos";* they especially hate chilangos (the natives of Mexico City, who behave likewise New Yorkers, a "superior kind" of human beings, they are know-it-all ones); in the same way Texans detest New Yorkers.
*In Sonora, the word guacho ("wah-choh") means "Southerner", while in the rest of Mexico it means "soldier".
Stereotypically, many Sonorans wear cowboy hats and boots (like Texans and Arizonans do), many chilangos wear suit and tie (like New Yorkers do).
But, the anti-chilanguism and anti-guachismo of Sonorans perhaps reached its peak on 02/03/1987, when two students of the Elementary School "Benito Juarez" in the capital city of Sonora, Hermosillo, beat a student at the same school, a nine-year-old, boy. His name: Juan Israel Bucio, from the Southern State of Michoacán. The child died between the dates 20 and 23, June, 1987 at the Hospital Infantil del Estado de Sonora.
In Spanish:
http://tribuyaquipor.blogspot.mx/2013/06/murio-un-nino-en-hermosillo-causa-de.html
By the decade of 1980, Jose Teran, a Sonoran journalist, used to wrote a newspaper column entitled "El Cazador de Guachos" (The Hunter of Guachos [Mexican Southerners]), and he also coined the phrase "Haz patria, mata un chilango" (Build a nation, kill a chilango).
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Generally speaking, Mexican States which have more amerindian populations are more conflicting, and dark-skinned people or the bronze race (in Spanish, raza de bronce*) are despised by many whites and mestizos. And, usually, Mexican brown people despise those with a darker skin, as well as those dwelling in another state/town or coming from another state/town —a marked regionalism and localism.
*Raza de bronce (Race of bronze) is the title of a 1919 indianist novel by Bolivian writer and historian Alcides Arguedas (1879-1946), a reflection of the Indians' struggle against the Spanish whites.
On the other hand, the pupils in Aguascalientes (Hot Waters), a central Mexican State with a minority of amerindian population, usually get the highest scores in school examinations.
Also, in Aguascalientes cities there is less garbage in the streets, less littering; the vehicle traffic often goes with orderly patterns, there are less crimes, et cetera.
The darker the skin of a Mexican is, the more probable he/she will be despised and looked down upon by some of those with a less dark or a white skin.
This has to do with a well-known Mexican inferiority complex, mentioned by English writer David Herbert Lawrence (1885-1930) in his novel The Plumed Serpent (this title refers to Quetzalcoatl, a Mesoamerican prehispanic god).
At an international level, Chinese people are despised and looked down upon.
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Many facts illustrate the Mexicans' inferiority complex. Four of them are:
(1) Mexico is counted among the nations in which more bottles/boxes of blonde and red tones of hair dyes are sold every year (L'Oréal, Clairol, AlfaParf [this brand comes from Milan, Italy], Revlon, Henna et cetera).
Some resemblance in attitude to that of women like Beyoncé Knowles, Janet Jackson, the late Whitney Houston, a (ahem) man, Michael Jackson, et cetera, who maybe have had the desire to have been born blondes/whites?
By the way, Gentlemen prefer blondes was a 1953 film starring Jane Russell, and Marilyn Monroe, whose hair was brown.
http://entertainment.howstuffworks.com/marilyn-monroe-early-life4.htm
(2) Mexico is counted among the nations in which more bottles/jars of whitening creams (crèmes blanchissantes) like Orlane and many other brands, and lightening lotions and creams, like Yves Rocher and other brands, are sold, and sales are on the rise.
(3) In Mexican television commercials and soap operas, there are no brown people, no dark-skinned mestizos... only whites, blondes, red-haired, caucasian people... denying the miscegenation, mongrelism between Spaniards and Amerindians which started a few years after the arrival of the Extremadura brave man and conqueror Hernando Cortes to the Aztec Empire, in 1519.
This effort in trying to cover the Sun with one finger is due mainly to the policies established by advertising agencies and leading television companies like Televisa (an acronym which stands for Televisión Vía Satélite) and TV Azteca. It seems that they want to make believe that the majority of the inhabitants of Mexico are whites/blondes, while the opposite is true, the Race of bronze (Raza de bronce) reality.
Racism in the media... which just reflects the racism and discrimination on the streets, workplaces, schools, malls, movie theaters, restaurants, bars, et cetera.
(4) In Mexico there are tens of thousands of boys named Bryan, Brandon, Paul, Landon, or even Landon Donovan (although Donovan is a family name), after the famous American soccer player and goal scorer Landon Donovan, several times winner over the Mexican National Team —some thirty years ago, the name Christian was one of the favorites—, and girls named Kimberly, Shirley, Samantha, Fanny, and other names coming from the Anglosphere, but this is true only among low-income, low-class families. You will never or very rarely find these names assigned to children of middle-class or rich people.
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A word about discrimination in Mexico.Discrimination and stereotypical underestimates by appearancegeny, attire, speech, syntax, limited vocabulary, way of walking, acting, et cetera, are very frequent, every day, in Mexico.
Endogenous, indiscriminate mind stagnation, misoneism and supine ignorance have contributed to take Mexico to a level of quasi irreversible stagnation.
Budget underspending by rulers (Executive Power in its three levels: federal, state, and municipal) is an amazing and unfortunately frequent practice, which keeps stagnant much of the economy.
It is one of the calamities that contribute to mantain Mexico down.
The well-known four engines of the Mexican economy: (1) productive investment, (2) exports, (3) government spending, and (4) domestic consumption, they have not worked well to bring the country out of the morass.
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Economy mismanagement.Low level of economic growth in Mexico.It is due to lack of expertise, low academic quality of graduates from universities in general and the small number of people holding a master degree and further reduced doctorate citizens, who are the researchers, the creators of science and technologyThere is a reduced registration of patents by Mexican companies and individuals.A shortage of affordable credit for businesses.Increasesing of the informal economy —those little businessmen who <i>fly by nite</i>, do not pay taxes, do not offer social security to their employees, do not carry out quality control procedures, et cetera.
Higher rates/tariffs for electricity, more expensive than in Spain, 67 percent higher than electric power prices in the United States.Low competitiveness of employees and enterprises; low levels of quality.Low productivity.Breaching of rules, in many companies there is no standardization, no plans to implement it. Few companies have ISO certification. Some who have obtained it have cheated.
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Strokes with serapes,* shouting, and strokes with hats.
*Shawls or blankets worn as cloaks in Latin America.
"Sarapazos, gritos, y sombrerazos"
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While the United States of America is in a stage of an information, knowledge and technology economy, Mexico is not. Mexico is immersed in an economy based mainly in the primary* and secondary** sectors, with millions of landless peasants, p
*Agriculture, livestock raising, poultry farming, fisheries, beekeeping, mining, lumbering, et cetera, with little value added.
**Industry, manufacturing.
A political strategy of some leaders has been to promise distribution and supply of arable lands to impoverished peasants in order these ones vote for the interested candidates, but rarely those leaders have fulfilled their promises. This measure was implemented by a Sonoran bloodthirsty general and president of Mexico 1920-1924, Alvaro Obregon, shot to death in Mexico City by Jose de Leon-Toral (1920-1929) a Roman Catholic fanatic cartoonist, on Tuesday, July 17, 1928, two weeks after Obregon had been re-elected president. Obregon was to take oath in office on December 1, 1928.
The United Mexican States Constitution forbade the presidential re-election. A bill proposing the presidential re-election and the lengthening of the presidential period of four years in office (quadrennium) to a six-year period (sexennium) had been read in the Mexican Congress on October 19, 1926, the bill was voted, and passed on October 21. The results were printed and published in the Official Gazette of the Federation (Diario Oficial de la Federación) on January 22, 1927.
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Earthquake of September 19, 1985...
... during the presidential administrations of Mexican presidents Luis Echeverria Alvarez (1970-1976) and José López-Portillo (1976-1982), especially in the latter, erected construction companies in Mexico City, Federal District, farms and buildings very low warm that did not meet current standards and building regulations.
No Circula.
Today vehicles with plates ending in 0 and 1, 2 and 3, etc 8 and 9 do not circulate
The measure... It had to be imposed, despite invitation of television soap operas actors and actresses ...
Alan Riding (Rio de Janeiro, 1943- ), a British citizen, lawyer, former broadcaster and journalist was The New York Times bureau chief in Mexico City from 1978 to 1984.
In his book Distant Neighbors: A Portrait of the Mexicans (Knopf, New York, 1985), says that the disordered patterns of vehicular traffic in Mexican streets can show the way Mexican behave.
The major offense a Mexican can hear/receive is the "command" chinga a tu madre —fuck your mother, a five-syllabe phrase that is not only uttered from the vocal cords, but it is very frequently blown by activating one's car horn, and that way is humorously known as "el pentatoque" —the penta-honk. Many penta-honks are heard in the streets of Mexican cities, blown by angry or furious car drivers; for, you should know, the disorderly driving patterns in Mexico are a common usage, and sometimes when you see that the green light is on in the semaphore, vehicles do not roll/go ahead, they stay stopped, and when you see that the red light is on, the vehicles do go ahead!
Also, when you are driving in a two-lane-only paved road, and try to pass another car, be prepared, for the other driver can decide to speed up his/her car, in order to make your maneuver difficult or even impossible.
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In Mexico there are families so poor that a Foundation has had to implement a Program To See Well in Order to Learn Better (Programa Ver Bien para Aprender Mejor). It gives eyeglasses for free to poor children with sight/vision problems. Their parents seem to pretend they do not know about the problem, but they are so poor...
Magali Cortes, a twelve-year old Mexican girl died on January 19, 2008, due to viral encephalitis in a Nayarit hospital (Nayarit is a State in Western Mexico). Like many inhabitants of her area, the student used to cross the Santa Rosa River walking over a boardwalk and using a rope as a hand guide. One day, a flood of water took away the improvised "bridge", and she began to swim daily in order to go to school. The water was/is polluted; perhaps she drank small quantities of water. A link (in Spanish):
http://www.terra.com.mx/articulo.aspx?articuloId=541179
marches rallies and demonstrations seedlings sitting one sitting
littering
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One of the few Mexican inventions is the tortilla (a thin round of unleavened cornmeal about 5½ to 6 inches in diameter), which can be used as (1) a small tablecloth, (2) a flat plate, (3) a spoon, (4) a napkin, (5) food, (6) a paper where you can write with a pen, (7) a mask for a child, provided you have practiced two holes for the eyes in it.
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There are people so poor, that they eat tortilla* with hot sauce and salt, and drink black coffee, American coffee, or corn mush.
*A thin round of unleavened cornmeal about 5½ to 6 inches in diameter.
Generally speaking, in most of Mexican homes there are few books; let us say, a Bible, maybe some other books related to religion, the free school books that the National Commission of the Free Textbooks gives annually to each and everyone of the elementary school pupils, and perhaps other few books.
In Mexico, Local Boards of Water and Sewerage should rise up to 200 percent the prices of tap water because population does not use it carefully, but waste it. Even the poor waste water.
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"What is the robbing of a bank compared to the founding of a bank?"
—Bertolt Brecht (1898-1956), a German playwright.
"With the stroke of a pen or the punch of a few computer keys, banks create a valuable item (money) seemingly out of thin air."
http://www.amosweb.com/cgi-bin/awb_nav.pl?s=wpd&c=dsp&k=money+creation
Mexico is a paradise for greedy bankers (pardon for the redundancy), they can charge high fees for almost any transaction, and even higher interest rates for the use of credit cards.
Also, Mexican banks, like Banorte, as well as subsidiaries of foreign banks, such as Banamex (a Mexican subsidiary of Citibank), Santander (a Mexican subsidiary of Spain's Banco Santander), Bancomer (a Mexican subsidiary of Spain's BBVA, Banco Bilbao-Vizcaya Argentaria), Scotiabank (a Mexican subsidiary of Canada's Bank of Nova Scotia), et cetera, charge very high commissions, under the "amiable" or "benevolent" supervision of the National Banking and Securities Commission (Comisión Nacional Bancaria y de Valores —CNBV).
Those banks have repeatedly refused to comply with the obligations of transparency required by law, and also charge exorbitant fees for almost any transaction, and very high interest rates, especially to those who use credit cards.
Pemex [pronounced in Spanish as 'pemeks] (Petróleos Mexicanos, Mexican Petroleums, the biggest Mexican company, with a market value estimated in December 14, 2006 by the Financial Times, of 415.75 billion U.S. dollars) has a very low operating performance ratio: sales/revenue per employee, even lower than the one of PDVSA (Petróleos de Venezuela, Sociedad Anónima) —"Sociedad Anónima" means Incorporated, or Aktiengesellschaft, or
Società per Azioni, or Société Anonyme.
The powerful leader of the Union of Petroleum Workers of the Mexican Republic (Sindicato de Trabajadores Petroleros de la República Mexicana —STPRM) is a union-leader-turned-politician, senator Carlos Romero-Deschamps (1944- ), a member of the ruling Institutional Revolutionary Party (Partido Revolucionario Institucional, PRI).
A daughter of this senator, Paulina Romero-Deschamps, has boasted she lives a luxury life, travelling with her three dogs in private and commercial jets, yachts, and goes to shop at Harrods, in London.
http://www.borderlandbeat.com/2013/05/relatives-of-romero-deschamps-have-jobs_25.html
https://www.google.com.mx/search?q=hija+de+romero+deschamps+perro+lujo&newwindow=1&client=firefox-a&hs=gwi&rls=org.mozilla:es-ES:official&channel=nts&tbm=isch&imgil=NaCLw48SdbFFwM%253A%253BQKgFf8lABCaJsM%253Bhttp%25253A%25252F%25252Fwww.adnpolitico.com%25252F2012%25252F2012%25252F05%25252F19%25252Fla-hija-de-romero-deschamps-presume-que-vive-a-todo-lujo&source=iu&pf=m&fir=NaCLw48SdbFFwM%253A%252CQKgFf8lABCaJsM%252C_&usg=__4ed7paFu_3RtBRJyzyKBUVTnj-Q%3D&biw=800&bih=447&ved=0CCYQyjc&ei=NmVEVPy2LIaIigLf3IHgBA#facrc=_&imgdii=_&imgrc=NaCLw48SdbFFwM%253A%3BQKgFf8lABCaJsM%3Bhttp%253A%252F%252Fstatic.adnpolitico.com%252Fmedia%252F2012%252F05%252F19%252Fpaulina-romero-5.jpg%3Bhttp%253A%252F%252Fwww.adnpolitico.com%252F2012%252F2012%252F05%252F19%252Fla-hija-de-romero-deschamps-presume-que-vive-a-todo-lujo%3B623%3B397
http://www.adnpolitico.com/2012/2012/05/19/la-hija-de-romero-deschamps-presume-que-vive-a-todo-lujo
The Federal Commission of Competence (Comisión Federal de Competencia —CFC) and the Federal Commission of Telecommunications (Comisión Federal de Telecomunicaciones —Cofetel) have tried to put an end to the abuse of dominant position and unfair competition by a quasi-monopolistic company, America Movil, which have many subsidiaries, being two of them: (1) Telmex (Teléfonos de México —fixed-line telephone services and internet access—, the leading Mexican telephone company), and (2) Telcel, the Mexican leading cellular phone company. America Movil is owned by a Mexican of Lebanese descent mogul and billionaire Carlos Slim, his family, and many investors, through their shares in the Mexican Stock
Exchange (Bolsa Mexicana de Valores, BMV), the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE),
the National Association of Securities Dealers Automated Quotations (NASDAQ), and the Madrid Stock Exchange (Bolsa de Madrid, BMAD).
The Federal Commission of Telecommunications (Comisión Federal de Telecomunicaciones —Cofetel) has had mellow rules in order to "try" controlling unfair competition and abuse of dominant position exercized by the duopoly formed by Televisa (Televisión Vía Satelite), the most important Mexican television chain, and the world leader of Spanish-speaking television companies, owned by media mogul and billionaire Emilio Azcárraga-Jean, and TV Azteca, the second Mexican television chain, owned by media mogul, billionaire, and second richest man in Mexico, Ricardo Salinas-Pliego.
Some say that the "true Secretariat of Public Education", in Mexico, is constituted by this duopoly, because it "educates" Mexican children and public in general through the airing of cartoons, soccer matches (the soccerlatry ranks high in the Mexican society, especially among men), soap operas, sitcoms, entertainment shows, biased news shows, et cetera, and very few television programs about science, education, history, or classic music concerts.
Another powerful Mexican group is a frequently and highly-polluting mining conglomerate, Grupo México (copper, iron ore, and railway transport, with a 2012 net income of 2.3 billion U.S. dollars). The chairman and CEO is Germán Larrea.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grupo_M%C3%A9xico
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Mexicans_by_net_worth
Also, the powerful Grupo Bal controlls a large number of other companies, owned by billionaire and third richest man in Mexico, Alberto Baillères, and his family, who are the owners of Peñoles, the first silver world producer, a chain of departments stores named El Palacio de Hierro (The Palace of Iron), an insurance company, several bullrings, et cetera.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alberto_Baill%C3%A8res
The Mexican State, and the Mexican Government, both headed by President Enrique Peña-Nieto, confront now a series of interests that past Presidents have not been able to fully control, because of the power vacuum started by right-wing President Vicente Fox (from the National Action Party, Partido Acción Nacional, PAN), and also because of public policy decisions that usually have run in favor of special interests and factual powers, rather than public interest... this reveals a State that has been cornered.
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The largest labor union in Latin America, the National Education Workers' Union (Sindicato Nacional de Trabajadores de la Educación —SNTE), with 1.4 million members, was led from 1989 to February 26, 2013, by corrupt and corrupter Elba Esther Gordillo (1945- ) —aliases,
"La Maestra" (The Teacher), and "Chucky" (after the character in the horror film series).
Since February 26, 2013, Gordillo, once a powerful and abusive politician, is in jail.When a young, Gordillo was a lover of former SNTE leader Carlos Jonguitud-Barrios (1924-2011). Carlos was defenestrated by another Carlos: [then-President] Salinas de Gortari, in 1989, who raised Gordillo to "political stardom".
In 2006, Fernando González-Sánchez, a son-in-law of Gordillo, was named Undersecretary of Basic Education within the Secretariat of Public Education (Secretaría de Educación Pública —SEP, then headed by Josefina Vázquez-Mota, who would be the 2012 PAN Presidential candidate and who occupied a third distant place in the July 1, 2012 elections; the winner was the PRI candidate, Enrique Peña-Nieto— as one of the many forms of "political payments" or awards granted by Felipe Calderón (President during the sexennium 2006-2012) to the Gordillo team, because she instructed her "sheep" (the teachers affiliated with the SNTE) and their families, friends... in order to vote in favor of Felipe Calderón, during the Presidential elections held on Sunday, July 2, 2006.
To read/learn about the life of corruption and luxury that Gordillo lived, please click on the following link:
http://www.forbes.com/sites/doliaestevez/2013/12/16/the-10-most-corrupt-mexicans-of-2013/
war hu ra tarahumaran word origin of the word guarura bodyguards
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Corrupt press ... talis a syllabic transposition of lista (list) id est, a list of journalists who are going to receive bribes. "Right over there, they are watering that chayote (they are delivering bribes to journalists)".
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selfishness
Most Mexican politicians often seek patrimonial wealth for themselves and their families in any way possible. The culture of corruption is deeply rooted, since the time of the Spanish Colony (the New Spain, 1521-1821). They are greedy, thieves, partial, they lack integrity, and abuse citizens, the weak, are unjust, have no moral authority nor leadership. They are not used to account. They are disrespectful, arrogant, abusive, some are rude and impolite. They manage budgets with opacity.
Mexican politicians lack vision.
Mexican politicians put their personal interests ahead, increase their bank accounts and their personal assets, buy luxury homes and cars, are unethical, overlapping corruption, taking bribes and gifts, promote nepotism and cronyism are irresponsible, profit from the office/ministry, squandered budgets, being inept, are generally inefficient, are lacking in integrity, sometimes they have no discretion,
As it is impossible to put an end to abuse, usury, fraud, undeserved profit, and in order to reduce corruption, bribes, trickery and tax evasion and elusion, it is necessary to implement radical measures, among these it could be the withdrawal of all of the circulating bills (bank notes) and coins, that is, all of the currency, the physical money of the country must be withdrawn from circulation.
All of the money circulating in Mexico has to be withdrawn, and each individual, each inhabitant of Mexico, including infants and those suffering from mental disorders, has to receive a debit / credit card. It will be a personal non-transferable card, connected with the
These individual cards (IC), would record absolutely all financial operations: transactions, purchases, sales, barters, transfers, exchanges, inheritances, donations, gifts, income, expenses, investments, gains, losses, interests, transfers, payments, wage, salaries, fees, payments, receipts, movements, deposits, withdrawals, deductions, adjustments, retainers, stock business, stocks, cash, funds, liabilities, assets, futures, futures options, gains, losses, royalties, notes, I.O.U.’s, bills of exchange, bank drafts, electronic fund transfers, rights, credits, deductions, credits, commissions, rebates, foreign exchange, financing, consolidations, mergers, liquidations, capital increases, reduction of capital, dividend payments, recruitment, formation of companies, formation of cooperatives, fines and penalties, late fees, collection costs/charges, compensations, shipments, billing, refunds, receipts, sales, bailment, record balances, statements, et cetera.
There would also be cards issued on behalf of corporations, banks, municipal governments, state or provincial governments, national governments, corporations, companies, associations, clubs, educational institutions, but each corporation or entity would have only one card.
Thus, it will be fulfilled the dream of the heads of the offices of the [Mexican] Secretariat of Finance and Public Credit (the equivalent of the Internal Revenue Service [IRS]), and all of the tax men in the world. All of the operations, money movements, operations, deposits, withdrawals, payments, transactions, et cetera, will be recorded in the Automated Center, and perhaps the last day of each quarter (03/31, 06/30, 09/30, and 12/31) it will be collected from citizens, residents, corporations and organizations around the country, a tax that ranges from 9 to 45 percent, according to their net earnings. This tax may come to be known as the Quarterly Individual Absolute Tax (QIAT).
This policy may cause that tax evasion and tax avoidance come to an almost absolute end.
Many greedy people, predatory lenders, misers, usurers, and other money lovers may pass away, some may die when they know about this new measure, and others may yield up the ghost as these new tax policies begin to be applied. Many will die.
So, Mexican authorities should implement this financial program and make the taxation planification extremely compulsory (extrema necessitas et tributum pecuniarium planificatio).
As for the credit cardholders, citizens who, and companies which, have credit cards, these ones will be linked to their respective, personal or company debit card internetically.
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Carrefour, a French supermarket chain, was active in Mexico between 1995 and 2005. Its supermarkets and hypermarkets were sold to Chedraui, a Mexican supermarket chain headquartered in Mexico City, and owned by the Chedraui family, of Lebanese descent.
Carrefour left Mexico because it did not want to pay bribes.
Walmart is a corruptor, and a corrupt enterprise:
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Some professionals and researchers (and even low-level bureaucrats) when they are hired by offices, agencies and departments of municipal or state governments in Mexico, and are subsequently fired, intend to charge extremely high compensation; and, if they are independent providers or free lancers of professional services, seek to get very high fees, in collusion with officials of such municipal or state governments for exorbitant compensation; later, perhaps they pay "commissions" to the officer who signed the contract or authorized the provision of professional services by a professional.
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The politicians, as the lawyers, are a necessary evil.
In Mexico, politicians are a crude and non-distorted reflection in defective mirrors, of Mexican society
In Mexico, at each commencement of a new government period (a sexennium [six years] in the case of president of the Republic and State governors, and triennium in the case of city mayors), the politician who arrives to office considers he/she has to start from zero, and what his/her prececessor built/made/did does not count or is of little value, especially if the last one belongs to another political party. The newly arrived "discovers" the country, state, city.
Also, in Mexico there are not city managers.
I think the time has come to consider the change of the Mexican Federal Government seat and the Judiciary and Legislative Powers to, perhaps the wet zone of the State of San Luis Potosi, by following the example of Brasilia in 1960.
In Mexican newspapers there is not a Lost & Found section.
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In Mexico, the National Index of Perversity (NIP) is very, very high.
The National Index of Perversity (NIP) is calculated by multiplying the annual number of murders per 1,000 population by the number of sentenced inmates per 1,000 population by the number of all kinds of crimes per 1,000 population by the percentage of the economically active population that works in informality, id est, do not pay taxes, by the cost of corruption expressed as a percentage of the Gross Domestic Product (GDP), by the Gini Index.
In México, the remedy for crime is not the death penalty, but forced labor sentences, as it is in Cuba.
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In México, the people read very little, and the people who read, read low-quality literature.
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A Mexican practice: the roperazo* ("the searching at the wardrobe") or the recycling of gifts: Go to open the wardrobe or the closet to look for and find an object that someone has given us months or years ago, wrap it and give it away without spending on shopping.
*Ropero = wardrobe.
Another Mexican practice: the alfombrazo**: a Mexican male office manager, department manager, or chief of a bureaucrats' office... requests his female subordinate(s) to have sexual intercourse with him in exchange for providing dispensations, privileges, work less, rise salaries, scale in the organizational chart...
**Alfombra = rug/carpet.
Another Mexican practice the "aviaduría"*** (sinecure) benefitting people who do not work but twice a month he/she appears at the payment office in order to pick up his/her salary check.
***The profession of an airplane pilot. This is known so, because the "aviador" (aviator) does not work but only "lands" at the office in order to pick up his/her check (payment of salary) twice a month.
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In Mexico, the rich consider that rich foreigners are the ones who should help the poor of Mexico.
There is little moral authority.
Selfishness abounds.
Many, including some authorities, violate laws, codes, rules, and regulations. They are antiexamples.
Other plagues:
Citizen disorder, many want to act at will.
Subsidies diverted.
Underspending.
Delay in the implementation of budgets.
Unconsciousness.
Disregard.
Individualism.
Nepotism.
Ignorance, illiteracy. Analphabets are festively called "analfabestias" (analphabeasts), which is a Mexican portmanteau composed by analfabeto, "analphabet", and bestia, "beast".
In many rural areas of Mexico, people spell/utter the final "e" —which in Spanish must be uttered: eh— like the first "e" in "these"; so instead of noche, "nóh-cheh" (night), they utter "nóh-chee" (nochi); instead of coche, "kóh-cheh" (car), they utter platican e" (cochi); instead of leche, "leh-cheh" (milk), they say "leh-chee" (lechi); instead of no le hace, "noh leh ah-seh" (it does not matter), they say "noh lee ah-seh" (no li hace).
Corruption. Contenido revista
Impunity.
Lies.
Simulation.
Thefts.
Inferiority complex.
Bribes.
Kickbacks.
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Mexico is the country where blond hair dyes are sold in greater quantities worldwide.
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There are concentration of riches, big socioeconomic inequality, scarce opportunities to study in quality schools.
Mexico holds a bad world 24th place per Gini index of 48.3 (2008), according to https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2172rank.html
Many have plenty of time and personal energy to spare, but are ignorant people: counter salesmen, peddlers, id est, tiangueros (tee-an-geh-rohs), people who sell goods in tianguis (tee-an-gihs), that is, street markets that block several streets each, once a week usually from 7 a.m. to 3 or 4 p.m. in every city district they visit as merchants.
In a week, a tianguis is installed in seven different places in a city; so, each Monday it is installed in a place, each Tuesday is installed in another place, and so on.
These tianguis have their origins in the amerindian (particularly Aztec) street markets, and are controlled by branches or "sectors" of the governing Institutional Revolutionary Party, Partido Revolucionario Institucional (PRI), such as the Confederación de Trabajadores de Mexico (CTM, Confederation of Workers of Mexico a coalition of unions), Confederación Regional de Obreros y Campesinos (CROC, Regional Confederation of Workers and Peasants), Confederación Nacional de Organizaciones Populares (CNOP, National Confederation of Popular Organizations). The agents of these sectors and the emissaries of councilmen and representatives walk the streets to collect money (fees; in Spanish, "cuotas" or "aportaciones") on a daily basis from owners of the stands (self-employed), or from their employees.
Some tianguis in Mexico City and some southern states such as Oaxaca, Guerrero, and Michoacán are not controlled by the PRI, but by the left-wing Party of the Democratic Revolution Partido de la Revolución Democrática (PRD), mockingly known as "perderé" (I will lose), because the uttering of "perderé" (per-deh-'reh) is somewhat similar to the spelling of P-R-D: peh-eh-reh-'deh.
In some tianguis throughout the country (Mexico), some cheaters peddlers place a handwritten sign announcing the price of the fruits and vegetables for sale, and at the bottom of the sign they have written in small characters the following: ½ —id est, half a kilogram, approximately 1.1 pounds, since a kilogram equals 2.2 pounds; and 1 pound = 0.4539. Usually the buyer/client does not notice the small characters (½), and then a problem arises, and a discussion starts. The aim of the cheater is that some of his/her clients may be somewhat shy and do not complain.
The clean, correct way to sell is by showing a price per kilogram, not per ½ kilogram.
██
Distractors: soap operas, sitcoms, soccer –"soccerlatry".
There is little obedience and respect from the lower or subordinate, dependents, minors, towards superiors, parents, teachers.
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Further evidence that Mexicans are third world citizens and are not interested in politics, in addition to the paternalism firstly exercised by the Roman Catholic Church since the time of the Spanish colony when the name of this region of North America was la Nueva España (the New Spain), then by the national government, to date, the second decade of the 21st century —and accepted and even grateful meekly by citizens— is that no Mexican composer/singer has written songs that deal with politics, unlike what has happened in the United States of America, where Alice Cooper, the now late Glen Buxton, Michael Bruce, Dennis Dunaway, and Neal Smith wrote/composed in 1972 the song " Elected", released that year as a single, and included in their 1973 long-play, 33 ⅓ revolutions per minute, album Billion Dollar Babies, and Mark Farner (of Grand Funk Railroad fame), who in 1976 wrote/composed "Politician", a song included in the long-play record Born To Die.
In Mexico only have been a few comic actors* who have criticized some politicians (saying these have peculated, et cetera), but their numbers alternating on stage in plays performed in second- and third-class venues and in tents, in which such actors alternate their theatrical numbers with vaudeville spectacles and acts by women that perform strip-tease; id est, these comedians have never appeared on television shows,** watched by millions of people.
*Among these ones, Jesús Martínez "Palillo" ("Toothpick") (Guadalajara, 1913-Mexico City, 1994), and Tito Mena.
http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jes%C3%BAs_Mart%C3%ADnez_%C2%ABPalillo%C2%BB
(In Spanish).
Some plays in which "Palillo" acted were Agarren a López por pillo (Catch López because he is a thief), an allusion to former Mexican President José López-Portillo (1976-1982); in the title there is a pun because of the similarity of the sounds when one utters the family name "López-Portillo" and the phrase "López por pillo", La Corrupción, S.A. [Sociedad Anónima], (The Corruption, Inc.), and others.
**By the power of censorship and restrictions, exercised for decades by an agency of the Secretariat of the Interior (Ministry of the Interior, oficially: Secretaría de Gobernación), called Radio, Televisión y Cinematografía (RTC, Radio, Television, and Cinematography).
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Single mothers, becoming pregnant at increasingly younger ages, constitute a big problem, as in many countries. A mother with dependent children without financial support from the father have difficulty getting support for her family. Generally speaking, a life of poverty, ignorance, and hopelessness awaits for her children.
According to the Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Geografía (INEGI, National Institute of Statistics and Geography), in the year 2012, the participation in the economy of Mexican women older than 14 years with children born alive, engaged in paid work, was, per marital status:
Single, 71.8%
Divorced, 71.7%
Separated, 68.3%
Married, 39.9%
Free union, 39.4%
Widowed, 30.6%
http://www.inegi.org.mx/inegi/contenidos/espanol/prensa/Contenidos/estadisticas/2013/madre0.pdf
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Male Amerindians in Southeastern Mexico sell their daughters, girls and teenagers alike, who will be used as labor slaves and sexual slaves or, at their best, will be married to men.
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Maybe only surpassed... by banana republics such as Honduras, El Salvador, Nicaragua, Guatemala, and Belize
bullfighting
cock fighting
self-denigration Ratón Zárate
... under construction...
Jecker
Fischer
Humboldt
jews
partycracy vertical corporativist clientelar ?
policemen are corrupt and abusive abusing ?
Mex food is good?
Mexico is so surreal, that from Sunday, April 10, 1864 to Wednesday, May 15, 1867, had an Austrian as Emperor, Maximilian I of Mexico, better known by republican Mexicans of the 19th century as Maximilian of Habsburg —Archduke Ferdinand Maximilian Joseph Maria of Habsburg Austria (1832-1867)—, the younger brother of Francis Joseph of Habsburg, Emperor of Austria 1848-1916.
[Erzherzog Ferdinand Maximilian Joseph Maria von Österreich, Kaiser von Mexiko von 1864 bis 1867, aus dem Haus Habsburg].
He was invited to be the Emperor of Mexico, on Saturday, October 3, 1863 at his Miramar Castle (in Italian, Castello di Miramare, 34151 Viale Miramare, Trieste, Italia) in the port of Trieste —the coordenates for https://maps.google.com are: latitude 45.702479, and longitude 13.712396 OR 45°42'08.9" N 13°42'44.6" E, but you are better off if you type in decimal values— by a delegation of Mexican notables headed by José María Gutiérrez de Estrada
Maximilian I of Mexico was executed on Wednesday, June 19,1867, by a firing squad along with Mexican generals Miguel Miramón and Mariano Mejía, at the Cerro de las Campanas (Bells' Hill) in the then-outskirts of a Mexican city called Querétaro; now that Hill is close to Querétaro downtown —the coordenates for https://maps.google.com are: 20.593180 -100.409608.
Shortly after that execution, his wife/widow, Empress Carlota, went crazy.
Mexican Empress Carlota (1840-1927) [Marie Charlotte Amélie Augustine Victorie Clémentine Léopoldine de Belgique, princesse de Saxe-Cobourg-Gotha et impératrice du Mexique de 1864 à 1867], daughter of Leopold I of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha, first king of Belgium from 1831 to 1865, and Queen Consort Princess Louise Marie of France, of the House of Orleans, had travelled to the Mexican port of Veracruz on July 13, 1866 to go on board the “Impératrice Eugenie” ship to sail to France, and then went to Paris to ask for help from the French emperor Napoleon III Bonaparte, and later to the Vatican in the Papal States, to speak to Pope Pius IX (Giovanni Mastai Ferretti), due to the serious problems the civil war or War of Reform was causing to her husband, Mexican Emperor Maximilian of Habsburg, and Mexican conservative aristocrats or notables.
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Some Mexicans are so jealous about other Mexicans, that it seems they have never read Matthew, 20, 13-15, about men who worked in a vineyard.
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Some Mexicans (poors and richmen alike) are so fool and unsophisticated, that when a tragedy or abuse has affected/stricken them or their respective families of relatives, they consider themselves so important that say, "Never more" (Nunca más), as if they were the axis, center, pivot, cornerstone, of hinge of History.
Others require to speak personally with the mayor, governor, as if these officials had no clerks, secretaries, seconds or subordinates
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In Mexico, most people are accustomed to waste resources, like tap water, which is very cheap or almost free (sometimes, free), electric power (many poor people connect clandestinely their copper cables and wires to the power net of Comisión Federal de Electricidad).
Mexico is riddled with corruption, bribery, ignorance, illiteracy, poverty, inequality, lack of infrastructure, simulation, betrayal, disloyalty, breach of laws by citizens and authorities, impunity, backwardness, crime, littering,
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In Mexico, some citizen groups, unions and guilds, block vehicular traffic on avenues (especially in Mexico City) or highways for days, weeks and even months, because of some government action or inaction that harms them or does not meet their whims; for example, when the government increases the prices of gasoline and diesel, when there are not pay raises, when the government delays payment of bureaucrats' Christmas bonuses ("aguinaldos"), when state governments like the one of Sonora divert water from dams supposedly for irrigation of crops, to cities or towns, when the federal government does not give peasants land for sowing... Some leftist politicians command the blocking of streets because, they argue, in an election someone (the incumbent government or the electoral authorities, for example), has cheated and as a consequence they have lost.
When these blockages occur, the timid and complacent Mexican authorities do not act with water-thrower tanks and tear gas, unlike the Japanese governments, which do act, and the Chilean dictator Augusto Pinochet, who did act.
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Many Mexicans, common people and politicians alike, are proud about many things, one of these is the fact that the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) has declared, through the World Heritage Centre and from 1987 to 2013, 27 Mexican cultural sites (some prehispanic, and some posthispanic), and five natural sites as "world heritage sites".
The reality is that UNESCO has become a gang of leftists, and its "declarations" are equivalent to a little more than giving bottle caps as a reward.
The United Nations Educational, Scientific, Cultural Organization was founded after World War II on Friday, November 16, 1945 to contribute to peace and security. Located on the Place de Fontenoy, in Paris, the main building which houses the Headquarters of UNESCO was inaugurated on Monday, November 3, 1958.
UNESCO pullout. One year ago, the Reagan administration warned UNESCO that if it did not correct its leftist bias and wasteful spending, the United States would withdraw from the organization. / Now Washington has carried out its threat, and President Reagan deserves credit for resisting pleas that he continue to subsidize an antidemocratic agency. / The U.S. pullout is not, as critics charge, turning one's back on the United Nations system...
http://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1144&dat=19841223&id=XuIhAAAAIBAJ&sjid=-WEEAAAAIBAJ&pg=4430,484096
The United States rejoined that U.N. agency in 2002 under President George W. Bush.
"As a symbol of our commitment to human dignity, the United States will return to UNESCO. This organization has been reformed and America will participate fully in its mission to advance human rights and tolerance and learning," former President Bush stated in September 2002 as he announced the United States' intentions to rejoin the organization.
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A fact, and a truism: in no country there is a budget which can satisfy all of the needs.
Mexico is a country with an absurdity so high that sometimes it reaches a Kafkian level.
(1) For example, the holder of the Secretariat of Finance and Public Credit (Secretaría de Hacienda y Crédito Público), Alberto José Pani-Arteaga, who served under presidents Alvaro Obregón and Plutarco Elías-Calles (from 09/25/1923 to 02/12/1927), and again, this time under presidents Pascual Ortiz-Rubio and Abelardo L. Rodríguez (from 01/20/1932 to 09/28/1933) commanded that on the front side of the five-peso bills appeared an engraving showing a half-face of his wife and a half-face of his lover, a woman who looks like a gypsy —the coiffure and attire are those of his lover. (I was informed about this by Mister Arrellín, a collector and trader of old bills and gold and silver coins.)
Bills with that image were legal tender during several decades (the date line of the bill shown reads: "MEXICO, D.F., 19 DE NOVIEMBRE DE 1969", printed by the American Bank Note Company.)
Please click on the image to enlarge it.
Please click on the image to enlarge it.
On the back side of the bill, you can see the image of the Ángel de la Independencia,* a monument located at Paseo de la Reforma avenue, in Mexico City.
*A popular and well-known name, although the official name is:
(2) The statue represents Nike, the Greek Winged Goddess of Victory; but she is also a barechested "female angel", showing her tits.
The monument is at the top of the Columna de la Independencia, at the center of a traffic circle. The coordenates (latitude and longitude), should you want to visit
https://maps.google.com
are: 19.427025 -99.167664
... And, if you happen to walk toward the Northeast, the U.S. Embassy is just one block from there, at:
19.428201 -99.166244
.
(3) In a Catholic church in a city called Lagos de Moreno, State of Jalisco, there was a stained glass window showing the image of former President Carlos Salinas de Gortari! —his term in office: 1988-1994— (his ex wife, Mistress Cecilia Occelli, was born in Lagos de Moreno), just like he were a saint. The image is no longer there.
(4) A fire was ... extinguished by throwing milk... there was no water at hand. ... (under construction)
(5) Once, in the decade of the 80's, the Comisión Federal de Electricidad (CFE) cut down many trees in a hill located in the State of Jalisco; then, the CFE painted the hill with green colorant dust, so when newspapers' photographers and ecologists took aerial photographs, the hill looked like it was naturally green.
(6) The manager of a perfume factory commanded employees to throw oily perfume over the pavement of the Periférico Avenue in Mexico City, so that area "smelt well" ... his decision and their acts caused sliding cars and accidents, wrecks... under construction
Some of the above stories can be considered similar to certain ones printed in the National Enquirer newspaper, where the editors inform American people how absurdly the U.S. Government acts, sometimes wasting money that comes from U.S. citizens' taxes.(4) A fire was ... extinguished by throwing milk... there was no water at hand. ... (under construction)
(5) Once, in the decade of the 80's, the Comisión Federal de Electricidad (CFE) cut down many trees in a hill located in the State of Jalisco; then, the CFE painted the hill with green colorant dust, so when newspapers' photographers and ecologists took aerial photographs, the hill looked like it was naturally green.
(6) The manager of a perfume factory commanded employees to throw oily perfume over the pavement of the Periférico Avenue in Mexico City, so that area "smelt well" ... his decision and their acts caused sliding cars and accidents, wrecks... under construction
About the title of this post,
Mexico has no remedy
"México no tiene remedio" —The title of this writing.
This phrase has been thought, spoken, and written very many times by Mexicans
of all kinds.
The best known ones are the following:
(1) Pacheco.
José Ramón Pacheco (Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico, 1805-?, 1865) was Minister of
Interior and Foreign Affairs (07/07/1847-09/16/1847) in the Cabinet during the tenth and penultimate period of tenure of General Antonio López de Santa Anna (05/20/1847-09/16/1847), and also from 1853 to 1862 he served before French Emperor Napoléon III Bonaparte, as Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary of Mexican governments: Pacheco served under President Santa Anna again, from 08/08/1853 to 12/16/1853, and then under Presidents Félix Zuloaga (1858-1859) and General Miguel Miramon (1859-1860).
In 1853 Pacheco muses about the many uprisings and changes of president in his native country, and concludes that Mexico has no remedy, so he begs Emperor Napoléon III to intervene.
(2) Gorostiza.
Poet and diplomat José Gorostiza (1901-1973), author of a lengthy poem titled Endless Death (Muerte sin fin), 1939.
In a letter sent from Mexico City to Madrid, to Mexican diplomat Genaro Estrada, 11/30/1933, Gorostiza wrote: "Mexico has no remedy, poor country, devoured by the grossest ignorance!"
"Cartas de José Gorostiza a Genaro Estrada"*, article and comments by Serge I.
Zaitzeff, pp. 26-32, Universidad de México, REVISTA DE LA UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL AUTÓNOMA DE MÉXICO (MAGAZINE OF THE NATIONAL AUTONOMOUS UNIVERSITY OF MEXICO), Volume XLVI, No. 483, April, 1991.
*"Letters from José Gorostiza to Genaro Estrada".
(3) Vasconcelos.
Mexican writer, educator and philosopher José Vasconcelos (Oaxaca, 1882-Mexico City,
1959 ), on 03/10/1929, in the Plaza de Santo Domingo in Mexico City addressed a speech, in which he said: : "... this dread disease of the country has no remedy [...] there were two shameful events..."*
—1. On the one hand, during the so-called Convention of Querétaro (03/04/1929), the foundation of the National Revolutionary Party (Partido Nacional Revolucionario, PNR), "grandfather" of the nowadays Institutional Revolutionary Party (Partido Revolucionario Institucional, PRI), by General Plutarco Elías-Calles and his cohorts, "in which official groups tried to fake democracy".
[Elias-Calles had gone to Germany for allegedly seek to be medically treated because of tuberculosis, and apparently there learned about Nazism as the basis to create a totalitarian party.]
—2. Moreover, the untimely and militaristic uprising of General Gonzalo Escobar in 1929 (Mazatlan, 1892-Mexico City, 1969).
*In Spanish: http://www.inep.org/Biografias/VCJ82.html
ññññ
The North works , the Centre thinks , South sleeps.
If the Northern General Álvaro Obregón Salido ( Finance Siquisiva , municipality of Navojoa, Sonora , Mexico City 1880 - 1928) did not create that phrase , yes that was consistent with its spirit.
The writer , educator and philosopher José Vasconcelos Calderón southern ( Oaxaca, 1882 - Mexico City , 1959), who distrusted general northern revolutionaries like Plutarco Elias Calles and Alvaro Obregon, wrote: "Civilization ends where it begins Roast " at apparently in response to the above.
Once, Vasconcelos , devoured roast :
http://obson.wordpress.com/2010/08/29/la ...
It is known antagonism between a Yankee This ( suit, tie and bowler hat, and consumer of sophisticated dishes ) and Texan ( with cowboy hat and boots, consumer Roast as Sonora , Durango [ consuming meat that is roast in disk plow call it " dialed "] , Chihuahua [ roasts are famous Villa Ahumada , Chihuahua ] ) .
Vasconcelos , a Oaxacan achilangado or chilanguizado , * apparently concerned that in Northern Mexico have arts and culture centers ( classical music concerts , book publishing , weekly attendance to the theater ... ) . Like saying : "There in Sonora, are far from 'us' , the ' Centre consume roast beef, a dish fast food, used cowboy hat and boots ...").
* Chilango is the adjective for Mexican distritofederalenses .
Compare also refined Buenos Aires Buenos Aires and the gaucho horseman bolas in hand. Apparently , many gauchos say that many locals are a lazy fops who would spend talking , drinking mate or coffee, and smoking , while they, the gauchos of the Pampas are athletes , have great physical condition and not shun physical labor.
Stereotypes are , perhaps, but I think they reflect much of the reality .
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¿Oaxaca? Indios en la hamaca
Indians in the hammock.
Oaxaca is a southern state of Mexico .
The hammock is a network that is either fixed ends to the wall and / or a column ( usually wood ) , and used as a bed " ventilated top and bottom" in tropical regions. In Mexico are famous Tizimín and other cities in the state of Yucatan.
One problem with Mexico is that many Indians see themselves as artists who are actually working and making necklaces artisans , textiles, baskets ( baskets ) , mats ( mats ) , alebrijes ( fantastic animals , clay , wood or cardboard) guitars , paintings, clay plates and wooden floral or faunal , hats, masks , pottery or ceramics , sculptures, ornamental , etc., but always work SAT , that is not like the small farmer Anglo Oregon , Idaho , Kansas , etc., or Hispanic of Sinaloa , Chihuahua and Sonora, rising at five in the morning and after breakfast was winging it fields , to work seriously ( not doing crafts ) AND SWEAT .
Individuals as " Tata " Vasco and Fray Bartolome de las Casas, perhaps unwittingly , encouraged more laziness among Amerindians, or no utility work (" I'll eat a lot of cereal or a wooden mask ?") . What reader do you eat ? Vegetables ? , Cereals, meat perhaps ( if not vegetarian) , or brass , wood and bead necklaces ?
And you sat - reader works , come on, the labor is not sitting impediment to earn good money as long as you will have learned to use the keyboard , computer, scanner, printer , etc., or sewing machine, or any apparatus sophisticated and expensive ... and has technical , baccalaureate or higher education, or learned empirically , oR aND SUDA work standing ?
Ie Amerindian " squeal and complain " that do not earn well , but without higher learning that want to work forever, " sitting " .
" Not to blame the Indian but it does compadre . "
With federal funding , the state government of Jalisco give monthly twelve thousand pesos (one thousand dollars ) to each family head wixárika (pronounced virrárika or uirrárika , in Jalisco Huichol call them ) for DO NOTHING ( work ABSOLUTELY NOTHING ) of taxes we teiwari ( mestizos) .
With federal funding , the state government of Nayarit gives seven thousand pesos monthly to each family head wixárika (pronounced virrárika or uirrárika , in Nayarit are called Cora ) , for DO NOTHING ( work ABSOLUTELY NOTHING ) of taxes we teiwari ( mestizos) .
With federal funding , the state government of Zacatecas give monthly four thousand pesos each householder wixárika (pronounced virrárika or uirrárika , in Zacatecas tepehuanes call them ) for DO NOTHING ( work ABSOLUTELY NOTHING ) of taxes we teiwari ( mestizos) pay.
Moreover, almost all adult males Wixaritari ( pronúncieses virraritári or uirraritári ) , plural of wixárika are customary alcoholics , women do work , and do not drink intoxicants.
The problem is that we can not declare Huichol mestizos and collect this money, twelve thousand pesos (one thousand dollars ) per month, for doing nothing .
The government continues apapachando Amerindians and encouraging laziness .
Why in states like Aguascalientes , give way to the pedestrian ( as in Canada, the United States of America, the northern border of Mexico ) , few people throw trash on the street , life is more orderly and quiet , work longer , are more civilized ?
-R . Because almost there are no Amerindians there.
The most troubled and poor states ( Michoacan , Guerrero , Oaxaca , Chiapas , etc.) are those in which the percentage of American Indians is higher, and were most plundered by the Spanish conquerors , and those entities ARE IN THE SOUTH.
Montezuma's revenge a colloquial term for any cases of traveler's diarrhea contracted by tourists visiting Mexico. The name humorously refers to Moctezuma the Second, the antepenultimate king of the Aztecs.
Mexicans do not often exercise or enforce their rights; rather, they ask for favors.
In Mexico, many procedures, exercises, events, requests, commissioning, et cetera, we run them late, "at a quarter to twelve" and in "antiform", we are unwelcome, inopportune and/or informal; we act in a "there it goes" or "I do not care" fashion.
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Centralism: in Mexico there are no poles, or almost no poles... traducir mejor ñññ ....
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Still in 1977, in the Western Mexican State of Jalisco, numerous members of the Rural Police went patrolling and monitoring city streets, or were stationed at government facilities in cities! Some bad points:
In the State of Jalisco, West to the city of Guadalajara, there is a forest called La Primavera (The Spring) in an extensión of about 30,500 hectares (75,365 acres).
The Federal Electricity Commission (CFE, Comisión Federal de Electricidad) began installing a producer of geothermal electricity station without success since the early 80's. Devastation in the heart of the forest was monumental and to this date the CFE has not rehabilitated the area. The installed pipes, fences, and roads still can be seen, causing landslides and continuous erosion.
In an unprecedented move, circa 1989, the governor of Jalisco, Guillermo Cosio-Vidaurri and the press took an aerial tour over the area, where a large improvement could be seen from the air: green areas where there were landslides. Breaking the siege of CFE several citizens and the press went to the place to realize that instead of reforesting, CFE had used green acrylic to camouflage the washed out areas, id est, it painted the hills and surrounding areas so they looked as if they were green grass covered, an appearance only. Of all the possible tricks to deceive the people in politics, this deception is exemplary. The position of Guillermo Cosio-Vidaurri was in between that because it was so ridiculous cheated or perhaps it was part of the process of using paint to calm down public opinion.
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Generally speaking, in Mexico there are dialogues... between the deaf ones. Ha, ha. There are monologues disguised as dialogues.
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████████
In Mexico, democracy should prevail.
Democracy - "government of the people," "people's authority"; is a Greek invention; a form of government in which political power is exercised by citizens through mechanisms of direct or indirect participation || political doctrine in which the sovereignty resides in the people, who exercise power directly or through representatives.
Athenian democracy was direct: citizens did not elect representatives to vote on their behalf, but they developed legislation and exercises Executive Power personally; it was not quite universal, because not everyone got involved in the agora, a meeting place to discuss laws and the political future of their city, but among those involved the economic power barely influenced, and the number of participants was huge.
French historian and political thinker Charles-Louis de Secondat, Baron de La Brède y de Montesquieu (1689-1755) published in 1748 The Spirit of the Laws (De l'esprit des loix) a treatise on law, social life, theory policy... in which, influenced by English philosopher John Locke (1632-1704) notes that there should be separation of powers. Under the doctrine of separation of Powers: Legislative drafts (create) laws; the Executive enforces them; and Judicial interprets them.
In practice, this separation is not absolute. Generally the Executive is individual: it is deposited in a single person, and overshadows a little or a lot the other two branches, which may be multipartite and / or collegiated in the case of Legislative —a Parliament, an assembly, or congress (unicameral, bicameral or three-chamber one), where debate, discussion, confrontation, presentation of ideas and arguments, and vote to approve or reject legislative proposals, and collegiated in the case of the Judicial —formed by Law specialists. Baron de Montesquieu was a diffuser of the British Constitution (although the Constitution of the United Kingdom does not exist or has never been codified, and its exact contents are not in one document).
John Locke, the father of empiricism and modern liberalism, who influenced Montesquieu, proposed that sovereignty emanates from the people (not from God),* the property, life, liberty and the right to happiness are natural rights of men, prior to the formation of society. The State's main purpose is to protect those rights, and also the individual freedoms of citizens.
*Locke's books and were on the Index Librorum Prohibitorum, the Index of Forbidden Books, by the Roman Catholic Church.
in the Anglosphere, the independentist revolutionaries of the Thirteen Colonies, subject to the British Crown (George III, of the House of Hanover, was the King), such as Thomas Jefferson and James Madison, "Father of the U.S. Constitution," splendidly watered from the book of English philosopher Locke to draft the Declaration of Independence (July 4, 1776), and the U.S. Constitution
In the Hispanosphere, the Spanish Jesuit priest, philosopher and theologian Francisco Suárez (1548-1617) argued that human beings have a natural social character granted by God, and this includes the ability to make laws. But when a political society is formed, state authority is not divine but human, so that its nature is elected by the citizens involved, and the legislature that those ones naturally possess is given to the ruler. Because the citizens grant that power, they have the right to recover it, to rebel against a ruler, but only if the ruler behaves badly with them, and they are required to act with moderation and justice. In particular, people should refrain from killing the ruler however tyrannical he/she may be. Conversely, if a government imposes itself over the people (without elections), people not only have the right to defend and stand up against him/her (the ruler), but also have the right to kill the tyrant.
Important parts of democracy include:
(a) free and fair elections (and without gerrymandering), observed by non-governmental, national and international organizations
(b) runoff, * or runoff election, which must take place between the top two candidates if no one has obtained the required
*In French, they use the word ballottage.
(c) careful integration of the electoral roll; purification of this one, if necessary
(d) qualifying of elections by competent, honest and impartial bodies
e) possibility of reelection, alternate or immediate
(f) the possibility of revocation of mandate (or, where appropriate, ratification of mandate), or, reduced tenure to a one-year period of governance: that governors, legislators, and even judges, magistrates and ministers of the Supreme Court of Justice, exercise power for one year, with or without the possibility of immediate or alternate reelection
(g) plebiscite
(h) referendum
(i) independent candidates (participation in elections of candidates who do not belong to any party); this healthy measure goes against particracy or partitocracy
[partitocracy is a system of government dominated by political parties, who are the stars, the protagonists and deuteragonists of the politics in a country, with exclusion or restrictions for the free and independent participation of citizens (for example, to run as candidates without the backing of, or the membership in, a party); it may be an unfinished democracy, or a democracy disguised as pseudo-democracy]
(j) participation of citizens in decisions of budget spending, or "participatory budgeting"
(k) accountability, id est, the obligation of governors, legislators, public officials, public administrators, et cetera, to accept responsibility or explain decisions, actions, omissions, sub-par spending of budget, financial abuse, et cetera; they have to draft reports (both periodic and when circumstances so require) of actions, results, errors, failures... in the last two cases a politician in power does not usually report; therefore, it is necessary that the public, opposition politicians and journalists and media via Twitter and other media, to "remember", show, expose, demonstrate, disclose: faults, failures, defaults, omissions, abuses, influence peddling, nonsense, negligence, larceny, embezzlement, impunity, et cetera, committed by elected rulers as well as by non-elected officers, either by ineptitude, incompetence, misconduct, evil, profit, political maneuvers in the dark, and some others ...; periodic patrimonail declaration of nation's president, prime minister, ministers and secretaries of the Cabinet, governors of states, provinces or departments, district political leaders, mayors, councilors, officers, trustees, coordinators, CEOs , area directors, department heads, bureaucrats, lawmakers (congressmen, senators), judges, magistrates, ministers, the judiciary, et cetera.
(l) public consultation, public debate
(m) citizen oversight, citizen audit
(n) Shadow Cabinet
(o) popular initiative
(p) citizen voice and public hearing
(q) impeachment
(r) ombudsman
(s) Offices of public ethics
(t) citizens' debate
(u) continuous communication, dialogue, and open and public hearings, both pre-established —periodically— as well as when Citizenship deemed necessary, by representatives, senators, aldermen or councilors, mayors, governors, political chiefs, secretaries of Federal Cabinet, secretaries of State Cabinets, president, prime minister, judges, magistrates, ministers of the Supreme Court, with citizens; legislators, administrators, governors, officers, even the non-elect, must face the comments and complaints of their constituents, answer questions from citizens, not only hear praise or fine phrases and cheers of his/her supporters, favoured ones, and bribed journalists (we must make it clear: there also are honest, incorruptible journalists)
(v) citizens' assembly
(w) plural citizens organizations, to co-manage, co-govern (co-rule) and co-legislate, reviewers, pundits, auditors, intervenors, regulators —applicators of modifiable, customizable, reprocessable, recombinable, adhocable citizen platforms— with specific political and administrative weight, and with a voice and right to vote in decision-making councils, legislative congresses, legislatures and national, federal, regional, state, provincial, district, provincial Cabinets of Executive Power, municipal councils...
(x) recognition of civil society as political subjects and interlocutors before rulers, administrators, legislators —economic councils; social councils; boards of moral, civic, and material improvement; professional associations; business associations, non-governmental organizations (with legal personality), social dialogue ...
(y) absolute transparency for the public, of all acts of government, all decisions of rulers and administrators of the financial year, the public accounts, allocations, auctions and tenders...
(z) gender equality
(aa) promotion of equal opportunities in employment
(bb) promotion of positive discrimination or affirmative action
(cc) combat and penalty against negative discrimination
(dd) one of the most difficult: the maximum salary of each and every one of the officers, presidents, rulers, elected representatives, public administrators, et cetera, be them heads of State and/or government, ministers and secretaries of State, secretaries of the Cabinet, deputy ministers, secretaries, general managers, area managers, directors, ministers of the Supreme Court of Justice, magistrates; federal senators, state senators, national or federal, state or local representatives, deputies, mayors, councilors or aldermen or councilmen, et cetera, must not exceed 20 twenty* times the general minimum wage of the area in which their represented citizens or subjects dwell.
*Of course, this figure is arbitrary; It can be a little more or a lot less; depends on the circumstances of each country or region's gross domestic product (GDP) per capita...
for example, if a worker/laborer / operator earns a minimum of 1913 monetary units per month, the maximum monthly salary of an official/public administrator shall be equal to or less than 38260 monetary units, and he/she should have neither allowances nor compensation, nor bonuses, nor subsidies for food or groceries, no special bonuses, nor allowances for projects or "specific" or geographical approvals (for example, to work in rural areas and/or inhospitable areas) or fuel or transportation assistance or hidden subsidies from public view; he/she may only perceive: bonuses, incentives to productivity and simplification, vacation pay, seniority premiums, and a few more items, all reasonable ones
(ee) equitable age-regulated computation of the citizens' vote.
A method toward a differential and proportional vote, according to the age of the voter.
This age-regulated system calls for a count of votes in a non-standard non-traditional way.
So, the votes* would be differentiated and proportional as per the age of the voter:
a vote by a 18 years old voter would be worth 0.18 votes,
a vote by a 50 years old voter would be worth 0.50 votes,
a vote by a 100 years old voter would be worth 1 vote,
a vote by a 118 years old voter would be worth 1.18 votes, and so on.
The votes (to elect choose mayors/councils, secretaries, ministers, representatives, senators, governors, president, prime minister, judges, magistrates, ministers of the Supreme Court...) are differentiated and proportional to the voters age: thus the vote by a voter 18 years old would be worth 0.18 votes; the vote by a voter 50 years old would be worth 0.50 votes, the vote by an elector 118 years old would be worth 1.18 votes, and so on ... For this computation, you should apply the rule of full years old of age of a given citizen in the election day, no fractions of year will apply.
For the right of their seniority and living in the world, for having come before to this planet and still being alive...
—
In the way behind Mexican democracy, elections (electoral processes) are among the most expensive in the world. Mexican democracy is a "luxury". This situation must come to an end.
—
For centuries, experiences have demonstrated/shown that, be it democracy or dictatorship the form of ruling, countries, regions, states, provinces, districts, counties, townships, have been led by small groups or elites who make the important decisions, not always to the benefit of the peoples.
Toute nation a gouvernement qu'elle mérite him.
Every nation has the government it deserves.
Joseph de Meistre (1753-1821), a Savoyard lawyer, philosopher, diplomat, and writer
—
Mexico has had only 1 2/3 Nobel Prizes. A half Nobel Peace Prize was awarded in 1982 to Mexican diplomat Alfonso García-Robles (1911-1991), an entire Nobel Literature Prize was awarded to poet and essayist Octavio Paz in 1992, and 1/6 of a Nobel Chemistry Prize went to Mario Molina in 1995 (in fact, he received 1/3 of the Nobel Prize, but as he has a dual or double citizenship (Mexico and U.S.) his 0.333333 portion was divided by 2, so each of his two citizenships received 0.166666.
It is somewhat like cutting a pizza into six slices: two slices or 1/3 for Dutch Paul Crutzen, two slices or 1/3 for American Frank Rowland, and two slices for Molina —one slice or 1/6 for his Mexican citizenship, and the second slice or 1/6 for his U.S. citizenship.
So, the sum goes as follows: 1 + 1/2 + 1/6 = 1 + 3/6 + 1/6 = 1 + 4/6 = 1 + 2/3 = 1 2/3.
—
When despair, discontent, distrust, disappointment, resentment, and helplessness reign, oh, my Mexican youth, you are free, you've just got to make up your mind to study and work very hard, learn more, and stop being a dreamer wannabe, you lazy loser.
—
Mexico has suffered many bloodbaths.
Some of these have been:
1.
Many wars between Pre-Hispanic tribes.
2.
Human sacrifices to calm down the Aztec gods Huitzilopochtli ("Left-Handed Hummingbird" or "Southern Hummingbird") and Tezcatlipoca ("Smoking Mirror") which were bloodthirsty brothers. From 1325? to 1520. The priests used to eat the raw hearts of the men killed at the top of the Major Temple, where there always was a stench of rotten blood, in the big city of Tenochtitlan, the capital of the Mexican or Aztec Empire. Sacrificed men were from other races, other peoples, captured enemies of the Aztecs (or Mexica or Meshica or Nahuas or Nahoas, who spoke a language called nahua or náhuatl —the meaning of "nahua" or "náhuatl" in nahua or náhuatl is: "[something] that sounds well".
3.
Conquest by the Spaniards under the command of general captain Hernando Cortés, 1519-August 13, 1521.
4.
Revolution of Independence (1810-1821), initiated by the insurgents' generalissimo, the priest Miguel Hidalgo on Sunday, September 16, 1810 in the town of Dolores (in the now State of Guanajuato). The Independence from the Kingdom of Spain was achieved on September 27, 1821, and recognized by Spain on December 28, 1836.
5.
Texas Revolution. 1835-1836.
6.
Pastry War. 1838-1839. The First French Invasion of Mexico.
7.
Mexican-American War. 1846-1848.
7.
Caste War of Yucatán. 1847-1901.
8.
Reform War. 1857-1861, between Liberals (supported by freemasons) and Conservatives (supported by the Roman Catholic Church and the rich).
9.
French Intervention in Mexico. December 8, 1861-June 21, 1867.
10.
Yaqui Uprising (1896), and Yaqui War (1899-1904).
11.
Mexican Revolution (1910-1920). Besides casualties because of this Civil War, there were deaths by famine, disease, Spanish flu.
It must be noted that when the "progresist" forces win a war this is termed as "revolution", but when the conservatives win, the war is termed as "civil war". This may be due to the dominion exercized by "liberal", leftists, and/or "progresist" writers, journalists, and "historians", who usually are more clamorous and whining.
12.
The Cristero War, also known as La Cristiada. 1926-1929.
13.
Tlatelolco massacre. On Wednesday, October 2, 1968, in the Plaza de las Tres Culturas, Mexico City.
14.
Dirty War (Guerra Sucia). Leftist guerrillas and marxist groups and hijackers against the federal Government and entrepreneurs, in the decades of 1960 and 1970.
Gomez-Souza was a traitor, head of a group trained in North Korea.
Gilberto Lopez y Rivas...
http://escribido.wordpress.com/ acerca de beltran pascal del rio quien entrevista a nechiporenko en moscu
Oleg M. Nechiporenko, a KGB* agent and Soviet spy, officially asigned to the USSR Embassy in Mexico City, was expelled as persona non grata by President Luis Echeverría, in 1971.
*Komitet Gosudarstvennoy Bezopasnosti: Committee for State Security.
15.
The narco "wars". From the decade of 1980 up until 2006.
16.
Mexican Drug War. Initiated by stubborn Mexican President Felipe Calderon. 2006-2012.
—
In Mexico, there is a fragmentary modernization and prosperity.
Misery, hunger, ineffective educational system, and drug trafficking, coexist with posh malls, private universities, luxury houses, golf clubs, marinas, toll highways...
—
—
A number of the good things that exist/existed in Mexico:
(1) Large areas of natural beauty, Quintana Roo, Veracruz, Chihuahua, Chiapas, San Luis Potosi, Jalisco, et cetera, rich flora and varied fauna.
(2) Pre-Hispanic ruins, and buildings and facilities of the Colony called New Spain (la Nueva España).
(3) Traditional Mexican hospitality and courtesy.
(4) The richness of Mexican cuisine from different regions of the country.
(5) The tortilla,* a thin round of unleavened cornmeal, is a disk about 5½ inches (14 centimeters) in diameter and 0.118 inches (three millimeters) thick, produced from unleavened cornmeal, water, and lime.
*This word is a Spanish diminutive of torta (cake, round loaf of bread made out of wheat flour, water and/or milk, vegetable oil and/or vegetable shortening, sugar, eggs, baking powder, salt, et cetera). The Mexican or Hispanic American tortilla is different from the Spanish tortilla or omelette (a meal of Spain). The last is a mixture of fried sliced or smashed potatoes, eggs, and onions.
——
1-3/4 cups vegetable oil for frying (we use plain olive oil, but never a great extra- virgin)
1-3/4 pounds (about five, medium) low -to medium - starch potatoes, peeled
6 medium eggs
Onions 12 to 14 ounces (2 to 3 medium), diced
2-1/4 teaspoons coarse salt
5 medium cloves garlic, chopped very coarsely (optional)
1/8 teaspoon freshly ground black pepper (optional).
——
The Mexican tortilla is an OLD MULTIFUNCTIONAL item. It can be used as a:
(A) Meal mate.
(B) Food by itself (per se).
(C) Spoon (after a part of it is cut and curved).
(D) Plate.
(E) Tablecloth.
(F) Napkin.
(G) Mask for children (or even for some childish adults). Before this, you must make two holes in the cooked cornmeal disk, so any child using it can see.
(H) "Paper " to write on it with a pen or a marker.
(I) Hand fan.
(J) Blower to stoke the fire. Be it in a brazier, drill, campfire, et cetera.
(K) A stack of tortillas can be used as a pillow.
After the tortillas, the Mexican taco came.
The taco is a folded tortilla that is folded or rolled and stuffed with a mixture (as of seasoned beef or pork, tomato sauce or hot sauce, chopped onion, coriander, salt... some add cooked beans, chesse, lettuce...). Sometimes the taco is fried after it has been " composed " (id est, after it has filled with a mixture).
In addition to having invented the tortilla, now, seriously speaking, Mexican creativity has expanded to the areas of science and technology.
(6) A team of three chemists, working for Syntex Laboratories in Mexico City, synthesized a chemical compound on October 15th, 1951:
Mexican chemist Luis Ernesto Miramontes (1925-2004), under the direction of Austrian-American Carl Djerassi (1923- ) and the director of the laboratory, Hungarian-born naturalized Mexican chemist George Rosenkranz (1916 - ), synthesized a compound, progestin norethindrone, used in one of the first three oral contraceptives.
(7) In 1947, Mexican Fausto Celorio invented a mechanical tortilla maker.
First, employees of a tortilla factory (tortillería) place large amounts of mature corn kernels (not fine yellow kernels, not popcorn, but white, big kernels) in troughs filled with hot lime water, where the kernels are cooked, and then the employees put the kernels in the machine, where they are ground to form corn dough or "nixtamal" (an Aztec or Nahua word, nixtamal ~ = already cooked corn in hot lime water, which is used to make tortillas after ground).
This Aztec or Nahuatl word comes from "nextamalli", which in turn comes from "nextli" (ash, lime), and "tamalli" (corn dough).
The mechanical tortilla maker mixes the maize dough, creates spheres (balls) of corn dough and then rolls them to form disks of dough, transports them on a conveyor belt where by using butane gas (C4H10) cooks them, producing the tortillas.
https://www.google.com/search?q=tortilladora+mec%C3%A1nica+celorio&newwindow=1&es_sm=93&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ei=bsNiU-rPNoP9oASEsIG4Ag&ved=0CAgQ_AUoAQ&biw=800&bih=485
In what appears to be a spin-off of Celorio's factory, there is a factory that makes machines that make wheat flour tortillas.
http://torcalmty.com/site/
(8) Color television. Under the official name of "sequence trichromatic system fields, using the primary colors, red, green and blue, for the capture and playback of images", Mexican engineer Guillermo González-Camarena (1917-1965) became one of the most famous inventors in Mexico. At just 22 years old, the U.S. Patent Office granted him a Patent of an electro-mechanical color television system, on September 15, 1942. The U.S. Patent # 2,296,019.
http://pdfpiw.uspto.gov/.piw?Docid=02296019&homeurl=http%3A%2F%2Fpatft.uspto.gov%2Fnetacgi%2Fnph-Parser%3FSect1%3DPTO1%2526Sect2%3DHITOFF%2526d%3DPALL%2526p%3D1%2526u%3D%25252Fnetahtml%25252FPTO%25252Fsrchnum.htm%2526r%3D1%2526f%3DG%2526l%3D50%2526s1%3D2296019.PN.%2526OS%3DPN%2F2296019%2526RS%3DPN%2F2296019&PageNum=&Rtype=&SectionNum=&idkey=NONE&Input=View+first+page
His invention was similar to the color field sequential receiver demonstrated by Scottish inventor John L. Baird (1888-1946) in England in July 1939, and by the Columbia
Broadcasting System (CBS) in the United States in August 1940.
(9) Tridilosa.
Tri-di-losa (tri-dimensional losa) Three-Di(mensional) Slab: 3-D Slab.
Tridilosa is a very light and resistant, materials-efficient 3-D structure, made from steel and concrete and widely used in civil engineering. Tridilosa was invented by Mexican civil engineer and leftist politician Heberto Castilo (1928-1997).
Among the most remarkable features of this structure is that it can save up to 66 percent on concrete usage and up to 40 percent on steel, because filling with concrete is not required in the tension zone, only in the superior compression zone. It is so light that it can float on water, but is three times stronger than traditional construction slab/flagstone.
(10) The zero-peso fine.
As of the 15th day of February, 2002, the mayor of the Mexican city of Puebla, Luis Paredes-Moctezuma (his tenure in office was from 02/15/2002 to 02/14/2005), a member of El Yunque (The Anvil, a far-right and Roman Catholic group of the National Action Party, PAN, Partido Acción Nacional), applied the Zero Fine (Multa Cero), which consisted on that during his tenure all fines were reduced to zero pesos in order to avoid corruption. If the fine is zero, the "bite" ("mordida" or bribe) is left without support. In one year, over 40 percent of the traffic officers had abandoned his post. New agents were hired, and, as interesting data, bank robberies decreased from two per month to three per year, while the city functioned as usual.
Paredes implanted bold programs against corruption, which led to the political class to attempt to annihilate him. He was accused of the most unlikely faults.
Sessions of local representatives of the Local Congress of the State of Puebla resulted in unanimous votes for six consecutive times in order to impose absurd sanctions against him, and he was expelled from his party (the "white-and-blue" PAN).
Warned that he would be arrested without a warrant, in order to kill him in prison, he was exiled. He undertook his defense before Federal Courts that in all cases declared him innocent. The Federal Electoral Tribunal (Trife) ordered the PAN to restore Paredes all of his rights as a member of the party.
http://www.proceso.com.mx/?p=239940
—
(11) Adolfo Christlieb Ibarrola (Mexico City, 1919-1969) was a Mexican lawyer, businessman, and politician, of,Christian Democrat ideology, presided over from 1962 to 1968 the right-wing opposition National Action Party (PAN, Partido Acción Nacional). He was an idealistic Catholic, and a businessman with a deep social sense. In 1942 he married Hilda Morales, with whom he had seven children. He died of cancer, at the age of 50.
Before businessmen and bankers, Christlieb "talked about the rope in the house of the hanged man": lashed out at capitalists, told them they abused thanks to their privileged position and exploited their workers, not giving them salaries that would enable them to meet their needs; sentenced to these same capitalists for objecting to the profitsharing (PTU, Participación de los Trabajadores en las Utilidades de las empresas, participation of workers in the profits of enterprises, is today, year 2014, the official acronym in Mexico), and because they are not ready to continue in the implementation of the Christian Social doctrine in their companies: co-ownership and management shared with employees/workers; entrepreneurs had to cease their ideas to seek only their own welfare and had to stop to see their workers as gears of machinery...
Businessmen and bankers did not allowed him to finish his speech; enraged, with a simplistic perspective, they called him a "communist" —something far away from reality— and forced him to leave the premises...
According to versions, Christlieb seemed not very affected by the situation. He left the place and numerous reporters were interviewing him, already on the sidewalk...
On this occasion, the "when" and the "where" of journalism do not matter, but the "what", what attorney at Law Christlieb-Ibarrola said, and before "who" he said that.
Christlieb-Ibarrola was a great man and a great Mexican; where he began to prepare for this was in the paternal house, since he was a child and a teenager, with ideals, moral values, ethics, the example of their parents, et cetera. He was larger than life, an outstanding man, a generous, critical human being, belonging to that kind of valuable, rare, scarce individuals, those that the Mexico of today, in this 21st century, need.
—
In the 18th century, the dream of grandeur of Creoles white people, children or descendants of peninsular Spaniards. ...
Bernardo de Balbuena, a Spanish bishop, poet and doctor of Theology, wrote a poem, published in 1604, La Grandeza Mexicana (Mexico's Grandeur)
Mexico's Grandeur (1604) by Bernardo de Balbuena
Of the famous Mexico the seat,
origin and grandeur of edifices
horses, streets, treatment, complement,
letters, virtues, variety of professions.
gifts, occasions of contentment,
immortal spring and its indications,
illustrious government, religion, state,
all in this speech is written.
...
It is ordered that I write you some indication
that I have arrived in this famous city,
center of perfection, hinge of the world;
its seat, its populous greatness,
its rare things, its riches and its treatment,
its illustrious people, its pompous labor.
in all, a most perfect portrait
you ask of Mexican Greatness,
be it expensive, be it modest.
...
With most beautiful distant views,
outings, recreations and country-feasts,
orchards, farms, mills, and groves.
malls, gardens, thickets
of various plants and fruits
in flower, in blossom, immature and ripe.
There are not as many stars
in the sky, as flowers in her garland
nor as many virtues in it than her.
It is ordered that I write you some indication
that I have arrived in this famous city,
center of perfection, hinge of the world;
its seat, its populous greatness,
its rare things, its riches and its treatment,
its illustrious people, its pompous labor.
in all, a most perfect portrait
you ask of Mexican Greatness,
be it expensive, be it modest.
...
With most beautiful distant views,
outings, recreations and country-feasts,
orchards, farms, mills, and groves.
malls, gardens, thickets
of various plants and fruits
in flower, in blossom, immature and ripe.
There are not as many stars
in the sky, as flowers in her garland
nor as many virtues in it than her.
